面向机械安全风险预警的评估方法

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.013

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 86-92.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.08.013

面向机械安全风险预警的评估方法

周成^1,2 高级工程师, 居里锴^**2 副研究员

1 南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏,南京 210094;
2 南京理工大学工程训练中心,江苏南京 210094

收稿日期:2020-05-10 修回日期:2020-07-04 出版日期:2020-08-28 发布日期:2021-07-15
通讯作者: ** 居里锴(1974—),男,江苏南京人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事智能安全技术工作。E-mail: jwcjlk@njust.edu.cn。
作者简介:周成 (1986—),男,江苏涟水人,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事智能安全技术工作。E-mail: zhoucheng@njust.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFF0207201)。

A risk assessment method for early warning of mechanical safety risks

ZHOU Cheng^1,2, JU Likai²

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210094, China;
2 Engineering Training Centre, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210094, China

Received:2020-05-10 Revised:2020-07-04 Online:2020-08-28 Published:2021-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对机械安全风险预警缺少安全风险评估方法的问题,提出一种面向机械安全风险预警的风险评估方法。首先根据人、机器、环境产生的不安全因素,确定面向机械安全风险预警的风险评估主要包括监测值输入、风险值计算、预警级别确定、预警信息发布等步骤;其次提出一种量化计算风险的模型,并给出确定预警级别以及发布预警信息的方法;最后通过某机械臂风险评估案例,验证该风险评估方法的有效性。研究表明:面向机械安全风险预警的评估方法能够综合考虑人、机器、环境风险因素,依据风险值计算模型,实时分级开展智能制造系统安全风险预警。

关键词: 机械安全, 风险预警, 风险评估, 量化模型, 预警措施

Abstract: In order to fill up blank of risk assessment methods for mechanical safety risk early warning, an evaluation method was proposed. Firstly, steps of risk assessment were determined according to unsafe factors generated by workers, machines and environments, which mainly included monitoring value input, risk value calculation, early warning level determination and early warning information release. Secondly, a quantified risk value calculation model was put forward, and warning level determination and information release methods were presented. Finally, the proposed evaluation method was verified with risk assessment example of a certain mechanical arm. The research shows that this method comprehensively considers risk factors of workers, machines and environments, and can release real-time hierarchical risk early warning of intelligent manufacturing system according to risk value calculation model.

Key words: mechanical safety, risk early warning, risk assessment, quantitative model, early warning measures

中图分类号:

X941

周成, 居里锴. 面向机械安全风险预警的评估方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(8): 86-92.

ZHOU Cheng, JU Likai. A risk assessment method for early warning of mechanical safety risks[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(8): 86-92.

参考文献

[1] 全国机械安全标准化技术委员会.机械安全标准应用指南[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:5.
[2] GB/T 15706—2012, 机械安全设计通则风险评估与风险减小[S].
GB /T 15706-2012,Safety of machinery-general principles for design-risk assessment and risk reduction[S].
[3] GB/T 8196—2003, 机械安全防护装置固定式和活动式防护装置设计与制造一般要求[S].
GB /T 8196-2003, Safety of machinery-guards-general requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards [S].
[4] GB/T 16856—2015, 机械安全风险评估实施指南和方法举例[S].
GB /T 16856-2015, Safety of machinery-risk assessment -practical guidance and examples of methods[S].
[5] ISO/TR 14121-2:2012,Safety of machinery-risk assessment-Part 2:practical guidance and examples of methods, MOD[S].
[6] 陈文瑛,吴穹,王勇毅.机械安全性评估方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(1): 77-83.
CHEN Wenying,WU Qiong,WANG Yongyi.Research on mechanical safety capability assessment methods[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(1): 77-83.
[7] 崔善强,段志善.机械设备安全评价方法探讨[J].工业安全与环保,2007,33(12): 38-39.
CUI Shanqiang,DUAN Zhishan. Discussion on safety assessment methods for machinery equipment [J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2007,33(12): 38-39.
[8] 段志善,崔善强.模糊层次分析法在机械安全评价中的应用[J].机械工业标准化与质量,2007(10): 38-39.
[9] 张健,刘小英,张敬东.基于集对理论的农业机械安全风险评价研究[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(11): 90-93.
ZHANG Jian,LIU Xiaoying,ZHANG Jingdong. Research on safety risk evaluation for agricultural machinery based on pair theory[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(11): 90-93.
[10] XU Gening, FENG Xiaolei. Research on risk probability and economic safety assessment method and application of mechanical system[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2010, 37(38): 1 072-1 075.
[11] CATERINO M, FERA M, MACCHIAROLI R. Appraisal of a new safety assessment method using the Petri nets for the machines safety[J]. IFAC-Papers On Line,2018,51(11): 933-938.
[12] DONG Haiyong,GU Qingfan,WANG Guoqing, et al. A novel safety assessment method based on fault dependent matrix[J]. International Journal of Performability Engineering, 2019, 15(9): 2 392-2 399.
[13] 周成,孔超,居里锴,等.虚实结合的机械安全防护培训系统研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2018,28(5): 166-171.
ZHOU Cheng, KONG Chao, JU Likai, et al. Research on the training system of mechanical safety protection with virtual and real combination[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2018,28(5): 166-171.
[14] 宋志红,耿秀丽.基于HFACS的民机总装过程人为失误风险分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2019,29(6): 146-151.
SONG Zhihong,GENG Xiuli. Risk analysis of human error in civil aircraft assembly process based on HFACS[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019,29(6): 146-151.
[15] GB/T 13861—2009, 生产过程危险和有害因素分类与代码[S].
GB /T 13861-2009, Classification and code for the hazardous and harmful factors in process [S].
[16] GB/T 6441—1986, 企业职工伤亡事故分类[S].
GB /T 6441-1986, The classification for casualty accidents of enterprise staff and workers [S].
[17] GB 3096—2008, 声环境质量标准[S].
GB 3096-2008, Environment quality standard for noise [S].

面向机械安全风险预警的评估方法

A risk assessment method for early warning of mechanical safety risks

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘嘉豪, 余杨, 张振兴, 余建星, 王巍巍, 傅一钦. 二维云模型和贝叶斯网络的立管风险评估方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 147-154.
[2]	辛保泉, 喻健良, 党文义, 白永忠, 于安峰. 定量风险评估视域下的多组分混合物危险特性[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 80-85.
[3]	卢颖, 赵志攀, 姜学鹏, 吴锦东, 范小鹏. 大数据视域下体育场馆动态火灾风险指标研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 155-162.
[4]	黄杰, 张显峰. 以南疆为例的区域暴恐袭击风险评估^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(2): 192-199.
[5]	张鸽. 基于累积接尘量的尘肺病风险评估方法^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(2): 200-206.
[6]	张进春, 陈昕, 张文俊, 吴士龙. 基于广义极值分布的流化床压力波动风险预警^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(1): 85-91.
[7]	韩鹏, 王军, 王启, 赵嶷飞. 基于飞行剖面的航空器试飞活动空管风险研究^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(1): 149-156.
[8]	刘继川, 桂蕾. 城市公共安全风险评估与控制对策研究:以武汉市为例^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(1): 164-171.
[9]	辛保泉, 党文义, 喻健良, 王溪舸, 闫兴清, 卢卫. 石化过程蒸气云爆炸抗爆设防荷载定量评估方法^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(9): 113-118.
[10]	安宇, 李子琪, 王袆, 郭子萌, 张姜博南. 基于FBN的高校实验室不安全行为风险评估^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(5): 160-167.
[11]	马润, 仇维斌 , 秦云, 欧红香. 模糊区间TOPSIS动车组塞拉门故障风险评估[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(4): 177-183.
[12]	赵冬月, 陈长坤, 易亮. 灾害演化网络时序性风险评估模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(3): 171-177.
[13]	鲁锦涛, 任利成, 戎丹, 郭昕曜. 基于灰色-物元模型的煤矿瓦斯爆炸风险评估[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(2): 99-105.
[14]	韩鹏, 张冰玉. 航迹误差对无人机坠地伤人风险评估的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(2): 106-111.
[15]	刘大山, 陈晓春, 多英全, 师立晨. 化工园区地震Na-Tech事件快速风险评估方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(2): 127-134.