密闭球形空间内超细铝粉爆炸特性研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.07.009

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 51-57.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.07.009

密闭球形空间内超细铝粉爆炸特性研究

屈姣^1,2, 邓军^1,2 教授, 王秋红^1,2 副教授

1 西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安 710054;
2 西安科技大学陕西省煤火灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安 710054

收稿日期:2019-04-01 修回日期:2019-06-02 出版日期:2019-07-28
作者简介:屈姣 (1987—),女,陕西西安人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为粉尘爆炸及抑爆技术。E-mail:qujiao3131@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51774232, 51804247);陕西省国际科技合作与交流计划项目(2016KW-070, 2018KW-035)。

Study on explosion characteristics of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space

QU Jiao^1,2, DENG Jun^1,2, WANG Qiuhong^1,2

1 School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China;
2 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Coal Fire Hazard Prevention, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China

Received:2019-04-01 Revised:2019-06-02 Published:2019-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究超细铝粉在密闭球形空间内的爆炸危险性,采用20 L标准球形爆炸装置,研究不同试验条件下超细铝粉的爆炸特性,并分析粉尘质量浓度C_D、氧气浓度C_O₂和粉尘平均粒径d₅₀对爆炸特性参数(最大爆炸压力P_max、最大压力上升速率(dP/dt)_max、爆炸指数K_st) 的影响。结果表明:超细铝粉的爆炸下限质量浓度在50～80 g/m³范围内;随C_D增大,100 nm铝粉P_max先增大后减小,而 (dP/dt)_max和K_st也随之增大,且当C_D为2 000 g/m³时,具有超强爆炸性;在贫氧环境下,随着C_O₂减小,超细铝粉氧化速率降低,释放热量减小,P_max和(dP/dt)_max均减小;对于800 nm,2 μm和10 μm等 3种粒径的铝粉,相同氧气浓度环境下,随着d₅₀增大,铝粉比表面积减小,氧气扩散作用降低,P_max和(dP/dt)_max也随之减小。

关键词: 球形爆炸装置, 超细铝粉, 爆炸特性, 爆炸指数, 氧气浓度

Abstract: In order to understand the explosion hazard of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space, its explosion characteristics under different test conditions were studied and the effects of dust concentration C_D, oxygen concentration C_O₂ and average particle size of dust d₅₀on explosion parameters (maximum explosion pressure P_max, maximum pressure rise rate (dP/dt)_max and explosion rate K_st) were analyzed by using a standard 20 L spherical explosive device. The results show that the minimum explosion concentration of ultrafine aluminum powder was in the range of 50-80 g/m³, for 100 nm aluminum powder, its P_max increases first and then decreases while (dP/dt)_max and K_st increase with the increase of C_D, and it will be strongly explosive when the C_D reaches 2 000 g/m³, in the oxygen-poor environment, with the decrease of C_O₂, the oxidation rate of ultrafine aluminum powder, the heat released and P_max and (dP/dt)_max will decrease, for aluminum powder with particle sizes of 800 nm, 2 μm and 10 μm, the powder's specific surface area will decrease, the diffusion of oxygen molecules will reduce, and P_max and (dP/dt)_max also will decrease with as the dust particle size of dust grows when the oxygen concentration maintains the same.

Key words: spherical explosive device, ultrafine aluminum powder, explosion characteristics, explosion index, oxygen concentration

中图分类号:

X932

屈姣, 邓军, 王秋红. 密闭球形空间内超细铝粉爆炸特性研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(7): 51-57.

QU Jiao, DENG Jun, WANG Qiuhong. Study on explosion characteristics of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(7): 51-57.

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密闭球形空间内超细铝粉爆炸特性研究

Study on explosion characteristics of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space

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