塔吊安装与拆卸作业安全性分析*

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.10.005

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 32-38.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.10.005

塔吊安装与拆卸作业安全性分析^*

赵挺生教授, 胡俊杰, 师玉栋^**, 姜雯茜

华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院,湖北武汉 430074

收稿日期:2021-07-12 修回日期:2021-09-15 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2022-04-28
通讯作者: ** 师玉栋(1997—),男,河南周口人,硕士研究生,研究方向为建筑施工安全管理。E-mail: shiyd@hust.edu.cn。
作者简介:赵挺生 (1963—),男,河南辉县人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事建筑可靠性鉴定与加固、建筑物业安全管理、建筑施工技术及质量管理、建筑施工安全技术、建筑设施安全管理等方面的研究。E-mail: tszhao@mail.hust.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805500)。

Safety analysis on tower crane installation and dismantling

ZHAO Tingsheng, HU Junjie, SHI Yudong, JIANG Wenxi

School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430074, China

Received:2021-07-12 Revised:2021-09-15 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2022-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高建筑施工塔吊安装与拆卸作业安全管理水平,采用系统理论事故模型及过程(STAMP)分析方法,构建塔吊安装与拆卸作业模型;利用系统危害分析(STPA)方法从组件失效、组件间交互作用、系统外部影响3个方面分析建立模型的安全性,得出60个隐患点;再将60个隐患点分为文档资料、人员、机械设备、管理、外部环境和流程等6个方面共15项,并据此分类统计和分析70起塔吊安装与拆卸阶段事故报告中的事故原因。结果表明:塔吊安装与拆卸作业现场安全管理中,现场管理监督人员缺失或失职、作业工人无证作业、塔吊施工方案的缺失或不合理、安全教育培训和技术交底不到位以及工序执行的正确性是应着重关注的隐患点。

关键词: 塔吊, 安装与拆卸, 系统理论事故模型及过程(STAMP)模型, 系统危害分析(STPA)方法, 安全性分析

Abstract: In order to improve safety management level of tower crane installation and dismantling operation in construction, STAMP method was used to establish a model of such operation. Then, STPA method was adopted to analyze the model's safety from three aspects, namely component failure, interaction between components and external influence of the system, and 60 hazards were obtained and divided into 15 items of 6 aspects, including documents, personnel, mechanical equipment, management, external environment and process. Based on this, accident causes in 70 reports of tower crane installation and dismantling accidents were classified and analyzed. The results show that the hazards that should be paid attention to in safety management of tower crane installation and dismantling operation include lack of on-site supervisors or their neglect of duties, operation without license, lack of or unreasonable operation scheme, insufficient safety training and technical disclosure and incorrect process execution.

Key words: tower crane, installation and dismantling, systems-theoretic accident modeling and process (STAMP) method, system-theoretic process analysis (STPA) method, safety analysis

中图分类号:

X952

赵挺生, 胡俊杰, 师玉栋, 姜雯茜. 塔吊安装与拆卸作业安全性分析^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(10): 32-38.

ZHAO Tingsheng, HU Junjie, SHI Yudong, JIANG Wenxi. Safety analysis on tower crane installation and dismantling[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2021, 31(10): 32-38.

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塔吊安装与拆卸作业安全性分析^*

Safety analysis on tower crane installation and dismantling

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