露天矿挖掘机液压系统特性分析与智能监测系统研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S2.0039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为预防大型露天矿用液压挖掘机作业过程中由液压系统部件损坏引发的设备故障,开展液压挖掘机工作过程工作性能分析与智能监测系统研究,以某型号350 t液压挖掘机为研究对象,基于AMESim仿真软件,建立挖掘机系统主泵模型和系统整体模型,仿真分析液压挖掘机工作臂、振动杆、工作铲斗独立运动特性;建立包括数据监测系统、数据传输系统、智能分析系统的露天矿挖掘机液压系统智能监测平台架构,并在神华宝日希勒露天矿应用。结果表明:相比于独立工作过程液压缸的位移和压力变化规律,复合运动过程中的压力更高且出现波动现象,原因是实际工作过程中各环节会产生振动及负载的影响。设计的液压系统智能监测平台能够实现对矿用挖掘机的液压系统状态的实时有效监测,大幅提高矿用挖掘机液压系统的稳定性。

关键词: 液压挖掘机, 系统特性, AMESim仿真, 液压系统, 智能监测

Abstract:

To prevent equipment failures caused by damage to hydraulic system components during the operation of hydraulic excavators in large open-pit mines, research on performance analysis and intelligent monitoring systems of hydraulic excavators during the operation process was carried out. A 350 t hydraulic excavator was taken as the research object. The main pump model and the whole system model of the excavator system were established based on AMESim simulation software. The independent motion characteristics of the working arm, vibration rod, and working bucket of the hydraulic excavator were simulated. The intelligent monitoring platform architecture of the hydraulic system of open-pit mine excavators including a data monitoring system, data transmission system, and intelligent analysis system was established and successfully applied in the Shenhua Baorixile open-pit mine. The results show that compared with the change law of the displacement and pressure of the hydraulic cylinder during the independent working process, the pressure during the composite motion process is higher and fluctuates due to the vibration and load effects that occur in various stages of the actual working process. The designed intelligent monitoring platform of the hydraulic system can realize the real-time and effective monitoring of the hydraulic system state of the mine excavator and can greatly improve the stability of the hydraulic system of the mine excavator.

Key words: hydraulic excavator, system characteristics, AMESim simulation, hydraulic system, intelligent monitoring

中图分类号:

X924.2安全监测技术与设备

张周爱, 海素峰, 薛国庆, 张玉华. 露天矿挖掘机液压系统特性分析与智能监测系统研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(S2): 122-127.

ZHANG Zhouai, HAI Sufeng, XUE Guoqing, ZHANG Yuhua. Research on characteristics analysis and intelligent monitoring system of hydraulic system of open-pit mine excavators[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(S2): 122-127.

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参数名称	数值
主阀阀芯质量/kg	1
主阀阀芯直径/mm	20
主阀阀杆直径/mm	10
主阀弹簧刚度/(N·mm^-1)	85
系统安全阀开启压力/MPa	40
动臂缸活塞直径/mm	160
动臂缸活塞杆直径/mm	100
斗杆缸活塞直径/mm	200
斗杆缸活塞杆直径/mm	100
铲斗缸活塞直径/mm	200
铲斗缸活塞杆直径/mm	100
端口溢流阀开启压力/MPa	38
变量泵排量/(mL·r^-1)	260
发动机转速/(r·min^-1)	1 800