基于行为追溯安全培训法的安全培训课程体系建设

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0653

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为完善企事业单位安全培训理论指导,并促进培训工作的有效推进,综合运用行为追溯安全培训法(ACT)、安全Ⅰ和安全Ⅱ等相关理论,基于“道法术器势志”的框架,设计企业安全培训课程体系框架,明确培训要点以及各类从业人员所需掌握的安全知识水平,并开展应用研究。结果表明:培训框架涵盖安全管理目标、安全思想原则、安全法律法规、安全管理要求、安全管理工具和安全生产形势6个维度;根据此框架开发的77套视频课程在实际应用中取得积极反馈,能够为企业设计培训内容、制定培训计划和组织安全培训提供有效指导和借鉴。

关键词: 行为追溯安全培训法(ACT), 安全培训法, 课程体系, 安全Ⅰ, 安全Ⅱ

Abstract:

In order to improve the theoretical guidance of safety training and promote the effective promotion of safety training in enterprises, a safety training curriculum system framework based on "principle, law, technique, instrument, power, and goal" was created by applying the related theories such as the ACT training method, safety-Ⅰ and safety-Ⅱ. Then, important training points and the level of mastery of knowledge for various types of employees were clarified, and the application study was conducted. The results show that the training covers six dimensions: safety management objective, safety ideology principles, safety laws and regulations, safety management requirements, safety management tools and safety production situation. The 77 sets of video courses made according to the framework of the developed safety training course system have achieved good feedback in application. It can offer enterprises some direction and a point of reference when creating training materials, making training schedules and setting up safety training.

Key words: accident-cause-training (ACT), safety training, course system, safety-Ⅰ, safety-Ⅱ

中图分类号:

X925安全教育学

孙宁昊, 刘贤鹏, 卢石磊, 佟瑞鹏. 基于行为追溯安全培训法的安全培训课程体系建设[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(11): 51-57.

SUN Ninghao, LIU Xianpeng, LU Shilei, TONG Ruipeng. Construction of safety training course system based on ACT training method[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(11): 51-57.

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维度	安全Ⅰ	安全Ⅱ
出发点	为什么事情会出错	如何让事情正确
对安全的理解	不良结果出现频次无穷低的状态	预期的和可接受的结果出现频次无穷高的状态
经验学习的来源	从安全失效、不良事件、事故中获得经验教训,关注于诱导因素和促成原因	从对日常工作的理解中获得经验知识,聚焦于在日常工作中做出的适时调整和权衡
系统可变性的应对	潜在有害因素,通过颁布标准和制定规章予以约束	不可避免的和有用的,需要监测和管控其波动范围
对人为因素的看法	系统中的负担和危险源	系统中必不可少的资源
安全管理的原则	被动式管理,当事故发生、不可接受风险出现时采取应对措施	主动式管理,尝试预测事态的发展和走向、推断事件的发生
安全管理的目标	避免出现问题,将不良结果出现的可能性控制到最低	确保一切顺利,将预期结果出现的可能性提升到最高

序号	培训维度		培训要点
1	志	安全管理目标	企业单位所设定的安全目标,一般由安全绩效作为客观反映; 安全目标一般分为短期目标、中期目标和长期目标
2	道	安全思想原则	安全生产中蕴含的哲学思想,如马克思主义原理及其中国化理论思想; 企业单位所制定的安全生产理念、方针与文化思想
3	法	安全法律法规	企业单位所处行业领域的相关法律、法规、规范、标准等
4	术	安全管理要求	企业单位根据相关法律法规制定的单位内部安全管理制度
5	器	安全管理工具	企业单位成员在生产经营过程中所采用的安全管理工具或方法
6	势	安全生产形势	国内外安全生产形势企业单位当前的安全管理现状

培训主题	培训内容	所对应的维度	掌握程度
领导干部HSE专题培训	企业HSE战略目标整体及行业安全生产形势企业安全生产管理现状安全生产基本思想与原理安全相关法律法规体系	志、势、道、法	★
	企业HSE管理要求	术	●
	HSE管理工具与方法	器	▲
HSE专题培训	企业HSE战略目标安全相关法律法规体系企业HSE管理制度、体系与流程要求 HSE管理工具与方法	志、法、术、器	★
HSE专题培训	安全生产基本思想与原理整体及行业安全生产形势企业安全生产管理现状	道、势	●
专业HSE教育培训	HSE专题培训	道、法、术、器、势、志	●
专业HSE教育培训	专业性HSE相关要求、工具和方法	术、器	★
基层HSE专题培训	安全相关法律法规体系企业HSE管理制度、体系与流程要求 HSE管理工具与方法企业安全生产管理现状	法、术、器、势	★
基层HSE专题培训	企业HSE战略目标安全生产基本思想与原理	志、道	●
基层HSE培训	基层HSE专题培训	道、法、势	▲
	企业HSE战略目标企业HSE管理制度、体系与流程要求	志、术	●
	岗位专业性HSE操作相关知识	器	★
岗前HSE培训	企业HSE战略目标企业HSE管理制度、体系与流程要求	志、术	★
承包商HSE专项培训	企业HSE战略目标企业HSE管理制度、体系与流程要求企业安全生产管理现状	志、术、势	★