中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 209-215.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.01.1536

• 应急技术与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

油气管道事故应急失效原因及社会网络分析

宫运华1,2(), 张喆1   

  1. 1 中国石油大学(北京) 安全与海洋工程学院,北京 102249
    2 中国石油大学(北京) 应急管理部油气生产安全与应急技术重点实验室,北京 102249
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-11 修回日期:2024-10-12 出版日期:2025-01-28
  • 作者简介:

    宫运华 (1983—),女,河北邢台人,博士,讲师,主要从事安全管理、行为安全、安全文化、安全领导力等方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国石油大学(北京)科研基金资助(2462022YXZZ001)

Failure causes of emergency response in oil and gas pipeline accidents and social network analysis

GONG Yunhua1,2(), ZHANG Zhe1   

  1. 1 School of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology Ministry of Emergency Management,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China
  • Received:2024-08-11 Revised:2024-10-12 Published:2025-01-28

摘要:

为避免因应急失效导致油气管道事故后果加重的问题,基于人为因素分析与分类系统(HFACS)模型,分析国内外27起油气管道事故中的应急失效原因。依据扎根理论(GT)统计编码分析结果,得到油气管道事故应急失效原因分类模型;应用社会网络分析(SNA)方法构建油气管道事故应急失效原因关系网络,利用核心-边缘分析、中心性分析和关联方向指数分析识别油气管道事故应急失效原因分类模型中的核心因素及具有高关联性和强媒介作用的因素。研究结果表明:油气管道事故应急失效原因分类模型包含政府及应急部门因素、运营商组织因素、运营商不安全监督、现场人员不安全行为的前提条件、现场人员的不安全行为5个层次。应急失效原因细分为16个最底层因素,其中,政府及应急部门安全监管不到位、应急救援不力、制度漏洞、管道运营商监督不充分、技术环境、技能失误等9个因素属于核心因素;技能失误、制度漏洞、技术环境、运营商监督不充分为高关联度因素;管道运营商的制度漏洞、程序漏洞、技术环境、监督不充分、资源管理不当和决策失误为强媒介因素。

关键词: 油气管道事故, 应急失效原因, 社会网络分析(SNA), 分类模型, 人为因素分析与分类系统(HFACS)模型

Abstract:

To avoid worsening the consequences of oil and gas pipeline accidents due to emergency failures, the causes of emergency failure in 27 accidents at home and abroad were analyzed using the HFACS model. Based on the results of grounded theory(GT) statistical coding analysis, a classification model of failure causes of emergency response in oil and gas pipeline accidents was proposed. SNA was used to develop the relationship network of the causes of emergency failures in oil and gas pipeline accidents. The core-periphery, centrality, and association direction index analyses were used to identify core factors and factors with high association and strong mediating roles in the classification model of the causes of emergency failures in oil and gas pipeline accidents. The results indicated that the classification model of emergency failure causes in oil and gas pipeline accidents was divided into five levels: government and emergency department factors, operator organizational factors, operator unsafe supervision, preconditions for unsafe behavior of on-site personnel, and unsafe behavior of on-site personnel. The emergency failure causes were further divided into 16 bottom-level factors, among which there were 9 core factors: inadequate safety supervision by government and emergency departments, ineffective emergency rescue, regulations defects, insufficient supervision by pipeline operators, technical environment, and skill errors. Skill errors, regulations or procedure defects, technical environment, and insufficient supervision by operators were highly associated factors. Moreover, pipeline operators' regulation defects, procedure defects, technical environment, insufficient supervision, improper resource management, and decision-making errors were strong mediating factors.

Key words: oil and gas pipeline accident, emergency response failure causes, social network analysis(SNA), classification model, human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) model

中图分类号: