颗粒形貌对铝粉瞬态弥散与爆炸火焰的影响研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.02.0582

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 189-198.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.02.0582

颗粒形貌对铝粉瞬态弥散与爆炸火焰的影响研究

邱东阳(), 陈先锋, 刘丽娟, 黄楚原, 王珺^**(), 孙绪绪

武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉 430070

收稿日期:2025-09-29 修回日期:2025-12-03 出版日期:2026-02-28
通信作者:
^** 王珺(1982—),女,湖北黄冈人,硕士,副教授,主要从事安全应急管理及国防科研管理方面的研究。E-mail: 9805@whut.edu.cn。
作者简介:
邱东阳 (1997—),男,湖南怀化人,博士研究生,研究方向为可燃粉尘爆炸防治等。E-mail:qdy@whut.edu.cn。
陈先锋, 教授;
刘丽娟, 教授;
黄楚原, 副教授;
孙绪绪, 教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(12302443); 广东省自然科学基金资助(2023A1515012080); 湖北省技术创新专项项目(2022BEC024); 湖北省创新群体项目(2023AFA013)

Effects of particle morphology on transient dispersion and explosion flame propagation of aluminum powder

QIU Dongyang(), CHEN Xianfeng, LIU Lijuan, HUANG Chuyuan, WANG Jun^**(), SUN Xuxu

School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China

Received:2025-09-29 Revised:2025-12-03 Published:2026-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究颗粒形貌对铝粉爆炸特性的影响,以球形铝粉(SAP)和片状铝粉(FAP)为研究对象,结合粒子图像测速系统和竖直管道爆炸试验,系统分析颗粒形貌对瞬态弥散行为和爆炸火焰传播的作用。结果表明:FAP因其较大的比表面积与非对称几何结构,表现出更强的滞空能力和湍流扰动效应,在相同质量浓度下形成更均匀的弥散状态;受湍流增强、关键点火区域粒子数提升及悬浮稳定性等因素影响,FAP点火响应更快,显著促进火焰前缘皱褶发展,在350 g/m³条件下的火焰传播速度达44.1 m/s,较SAP提高32.8%;而SAP因局部团聚形成高质量浓度区,其爆炸过程中白色过曝面积占比为98.6%,反映出更集中的热释放行为。

关键词: 铝粉, 颗粒形貌, 瞬态弥散, 湍流强度, 爆炸火焰

Abstract:

To investigate the influence of particle morphology on the explosion characteristics of aluminum powder, spherical aluminum powder (SAP) and flake aluminum powder (FAP) were selected as research subjects. By combining particle image velocimetry with vertical duct explosion experiments, the effects of particle morphology on transient dispersion behavior and flame propagation characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results show that FAP, due to its larger specific surface area and the asymmetric geometry, exhibits stronger suspension capability and turbulence-inducing effects, leading to a more uniform dispersion state under the same mass concentration. Influenced by enhanced turbulence, increased particle population in the critical ignition zone, and greater suspension stability, FAP demonstrates faster ignition response and significantly promoted flame front wrinkling. At a concentration of 350 g/m³, its flame propagation velocity reaches 44.1 m/s, which is 32.8% higher than that of SAP. In contrast, SAP tends to form localized high-mass concentration regions due to agglomeration, resulting in a white overexposure area accounting for 98.6% during the explosion, indicating a more concentrated heat release behavior.

Key words: aluminum powder, particle morphology, transient dispersion, turbulence intensity, explosion flame

中图分类号:

邱东阳, 陈先锋, 刘丽娟, 黄楚原, 王珺, 孙绪绪. 颗粒形貌对铝粉瞬态弥散与爆炸火焰的影响研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(2): 189-198.

QIU Dongyang, CHEN Xianfeng, LIU Lijuan, HUANG Chuyuan, WANG Jun, SUN Xuxu. Effects of particle morphology on transient dispersion and explosion flame propagation of aluminum powder[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(2): 189-198.

图/表 14

表1

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表2

SAP尘云的瞬态速度

参数	粉尘云质量浓度/(g·m^-3)
参数	150	200	250	300	350	400
v_x/(m·s^-1)	-2.3-1.8	-3.8-2.5	-1.7-4.4	-5.2-2.8	-2.4-5.8	-4.4-5.5
v_y/(m·s^-1)	-2.7-3.7	-3.4-3.8	-4.0-4.4	-3.3-4.0	-2.9-5.7	-4.8-6.3
\|V\|/(m·s^-1)	0-2.5	0-2.8	0-3.0	0-3.3	0-4.6	0-5.0
$V -$ /(m·s^-1)	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
ω_z/(s^-1)	-141.2-75.4	-150.0-114.8	-162.4-161.2	-107.1-194.1	-113.2-245.2	-232.0-284.9

表2

表3

FAP尘云的瞬态速度

参数	粉尘云质量浓度/(g·m^-3)
参数	150	200	250	300	350	400
v_x/(m·s^-1)	-2.6-4.2	-2.9-4.4	-6.2-6.1	-8.4-6.0	-6.3-6.1	-6.8-6.8
v_y/(m·s^-1)	-2.7-4.6	-4.0-4.4	-6.9-5.4	-6.4-7.6	-8.7-7.6	-12.1-6.8
\|V\|/(m·s^-1)	0-3.3	0-4.3	0-6.2	0-9.2	0-11.1	0-12.3
$V -$ /(m·s^-1)	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.9
ω_z/(s^-1)	-122.7-119.3	-331.7-190.9	-135.9-213.8	-335.3-346.5	-278.4-380.1	-586.9-452.0

表3

图6

图7

图8

图9

表4

图10

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样品	SAP	FAP
D[3,2]/μm	14.1	12.9
D[4,3]/μm	29.8	26.5
D(0.5)/μm	21.4	20.9
SSA/(m²·g^-1)	0.2	0.5

铝粉	粉尘云质量浓度/(g·m^-3)
铝粉	150	200	250	300	350	400
SAP/%	27.9	39.2	79.8	83.3	98.6	95.9
FAP/%	8.9	29.6	45.7	61.5	97.9	94.5

颗粒形貌对铝粉瞬态弥散与爆炸火焰的影响研究

Effects of particle morphology on transient dispersion and explosion flame propagation of aluminum powder

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