堆积铝粉与水反应动力学试验研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.1221

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 138-145.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.1221

堆积铝粉与水反应动力学试验研究

刘吉庆¹(), 庞磊¹^,²^,³^,^**(), 金龙哲¹^,²^,³, 钟圣俊⁴^,⁵, 苑春苗⁶, 王亚飞⁷

¹ 北京科技大学资源与安全工程学院,北京 100083
² 北京科技大学大安全科学研究院,北京 100083
³ 国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室,北京 100083
⁴ 东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳 110819
⁵ 汇乐因斯福环保安全研究院(苏州)有限公司,江苏苏州 215000
⁶ 东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳 110819
⁷ 北京市科学技术研究院,北京 100089

收稿日期:2025-09-14 修回日期:2025-11-20 出版日期:2026-01-28
通信作者:
** 庞磊(1982—),男,内蒙古乌兰浩特人,博士,教授,主要从事爆炸事故防治等方面的研究。E-mail: panglei0525@163.com。
作者简介:
刘吉庆 (1997—),男,河南开封人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为粉尘爆炸与事故防控。E-mail: liujq1025@163.com。
金龙哲, 教授。
钟圣俊, 副教授。
苑春苗, 教授。
王亚飞, 研究员。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFC3010601)

Experimental study on reaction kinetics of stacked aluminum powder with water

LIU Jiqing¹(), PANG Lei¹^,²^,³^,^**(), JIN Longzhe¹^,²^,³, ZHONG Shengjun⁴^,⁵, YUAN Chunmiao⁶, WANG Yafei⁷

¹ School of Resources and Safety Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
² Research Institute of Macro-Safety Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
³ NHC Key Laboratory for Engineering Control of Dust Hazard, Beijing 100083, China
⁴ School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
⁵ Huile Insford Environmental and Safety Research Institute (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou Jiangsu 215000, China
⁶ School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
⁷ Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China

Received:2025-09-14 Revised:2025-11-20 Published:2026-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为推动金属粉尘防爆技术的优化升级和安全防控体系的建立,基于自主研发的堆积金属粉尘与水反应可视化试验平台,系统探究不同粒径和堆积质量条件下铝粉与过量水的反应动力学特性。通过定量表征粒径和堆积质量对最大温度、产气总量、最大氢气体积分数、最大压力、总时间等反应关键参数的影响,揭示铝-水反应的动力学机制。结果表明:固定粒径时,反应特性参数与堆积质量呈正相关;固定堆积质量时,最大温度随粒径增大呈“V”形变化(先降后升),产气量、氢气体积分数及压力呈倒“U”形变化(先增后减),而总反应时间随粒径增大单调递增。反应产物以Al(OH)₃和H₂为主,反应过程分为缓慢析氢、剧烈反应和衰减终止3阶段。

关键词: 堆积铝粉, 铝水反应, 反应动力学, 粒径, 堆积质量

Abstract:

In order to promote the optimization and upgrading of metal dust explosion-proof technology and establishment of a safety protection and control system, this study systematically investigated the reaction kinetics of aluminum powder with excess water under varying particle sizes and stacking masses, based on the self-developed visualization experimental platform for the reaction between stacked metal dust and water. Through quantitative characterization of the effects of particle size and stacking mass on key reaction parameters-including the maximum temperature, total gas production, maximum hydrogen concentration, maximum pressure, and total reaction time-the kinetic mechanism of the aluminum-water reaction was revealed. The results demonstrate that at a fixed particle size, all characteristic parameters exhibit positive correlations with increasing stacking mass. At a fixed stacking mass, the maximum temperature follows a V-shaped trend (decreasing then increasing) with increasing particle size, while gas production, hydrogen concentration, and pressure show inverted U-shaped trends (increasing then decreasing). Total reaction time increases monotonically with increasing particle sizes. The primary reaction products are Al(OH)₃ and H₂, and the reaction process comprises three distinct stages: slow hydrogen evolution, violent reaction, and attenuation and termination.

Key words: stacked aluminum powder, aluminum-water reaction, reaction kinetics, particle size, stacking mass

中图分类号:

刘吉庆, 庞磊, 金龙哲, 钟圣俊, 苑春苗, 王亚飞. 堆积铝粉与水反应动力学试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(1): 138-145.

LIU Jiqing, PANG Lei, JIN Longzhe, ZHONG Shengjun, YUAN Chunmiao, WANG Yafei. Experimental study on reaction kinetics of stacked aluminum powder with water[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(1): 138-145.

图/表 16

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试验编号	铝粉粒径/μm	堆积质量/g	添加水量/g	环境温度/℃
A1	5.24	5	128	40
A2		10
A3		15
B1	15.36	5	128	40
B2		10
B3		15
C1	25.76	5	128	40
C2		10
C3		15

气体	H₂	N₂	O₂	H₂O
采样气体	30.5	55.95	11.2	2.36
标定空气	0.17	82.25	16.1	1.49

堆积铝粉与水反应动力学试验研究

Experimental study on reaction kinetics of stacked aluminum powder with water

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