Research on dust diffusion characteristics of dragline stacking process in open-pit coal mine

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S2.0005

Abstract

Abstract:

The Heidaigou open-pit coal mine adopts a throwing blasting-dragline stacking process to remove the overlying rock of the coal seam, and the production process has a significant impact on the air quality of the mining pit. In order to effectively control dust, understand the properties and diffusion characteristics of the main atmospheric pollutants in mining pits, and develop effective air quality control measures for mining pits, the method of on-site sampling and testing was used to study the concentration and dispersion of dust generated by loading. On this basis, the numerical simulation method was used to study the dust diffusion process in mining pits. The results show that at a radius of 100 m in the dragline workplace, the highest dust concentration is 12.5 mg/m³, and the respiratory dust concentration is 1.8 mg/m³. The proportion of dust of < 5 μ with the greatest harm to people is 77.2%. Dust first accumulates in the dumping pit and then overflows to the platform where the dragline stands. As the wind speed increases, the maximum diffusion distance of the dust cluster gradually increases, and the position of the maximum dust concentration gradually moves away from the dust production point, moving towards the position where the dragline stands and showing other diffusion characteristics.

Key words: open-pit coal mine, dragline stacking process, dust, diffusion characteristics, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

X936

WANG Yu, JIAO Xiaoliang, ZHAO Changhai, SONG Delin. Research on dust diffusion characteristics of dragline stacking process in open-pit coal mine[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(S2): 188-194.

Figures/Tables 12

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序号	全尘浓度/ (mg·m^-3)	呼吸性粉尘/ (mg·m^-3)	PM_2.5/ (μg·m^-3)	PM₁₀/ (μg·m^-3)	生产与环境状况
1	12.5	1.8	752	768	生产,距离约100 m,风速2.5 m/s
2	0.761	0.787	560	423	生产,距离约280 m,风速4 m/s
3	1.447	1.137	538	742	生产,距离约130 m,风速2 m/s
4	0.102	0.219	608	711	未生产,距离100 m,西北风、风速3~5 m/s
5	1.757	0.989	750	760	生产,距离100 m,西南风、风速1.5~3.9 m/s
6	1.898	0.941	750	760	生产,距离100 m,西南240°风速1.5~3.9 m/s
7	10.99	1.598	750	760	生产,距离100 m,迎风时1.5~3.9 m/s

测试地点	数量分散度/%(平均值)				备注
测试地点	<2 μm	2~5 μm	5~10 μm	>10 μm	备注
吊斗铲东北60°	48.7	28.5	18	4.8	工作状态
吊斗铲东北60°	30.5	28.5	23	18	未工作状态

参数	设置
喷射源类型	面喷射
粒径分布	罗森拉姆模型
最小粒径/m	1×10^-6
最大粒径/m	5×10^-5
喷射源材质	无烟煤
喷射源速度/(m·s^-1)	0.5
喷射源质量流率/(kg·s^-1)	0.001
扩散参数	3.5
尘源密度/(kg·m^-3)	1.25×10³

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