Research on China's work safety governance policies from perspective of policy tools:based on analysis of policy texts since founding of the People's Republic of China

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.05.0795

Abstract

Abstract:

To enhance China's work safety governance, policy texts related to work safety were analyzed using text analysis and coding methods, aiming to provide an in-depth understanding of the current policy system and to identify existing gaps in China's safety governance policies. Based on Duxiu database and the website of the Central People's Government, 80 policy texts issued between 1949 and 2024 were selected. NVivo 12 plus software was used to conduct coding analysis, which was then employed to summarize the distribution and usage of policy tools in China's work safety governance. The research show that China's work safety governance policies employ a comprehensive set of policy tools. They exhibit a development pattern centered on pre-accident prevention, supported by talents and technology, and complemented by coordinated measures during and after accidents. At the same time, the current policy structure is still unbalanced. Policy tools play a prominent role, while enabling and incentive tools are insufficient. The integration degree of policy tools with governance logic elements is low, affecting the overall effectiveness of governance. In the future, it is necessary to promote the optimization of policy tool structure, balance the distribution of governance elements, and strengthen the deep integration of policies and elements to enhance the level of work safety governance.

Key words: policy tools, work safety, policy text, governance logic, code

CLC Number:

X915.1安全计量学

Wang Lang, Chen Wenxule. Research on China's work safety governance policies from perspective of policy tools:based on analysis of policy texts since founding of the People's Republic of China[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(5): 11-17.

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序号	发布时间	文件名称	发文字号	发布机构
1	1955年5月5日	劳动部卫生部中华全国总工会关于加强夏秋季安全卫生工作的通知	—	劳动部、卫生部、中华全国总工会
2	1963年3月30日	国务院发布《关于加强企业生产中安全工作的几项规定》的通知	(63)国经薄字244号	中央人民政府国务院
3	1970年12月11日	中共中央关于加强安全生产的通知	—	中国共产党中央委员会
4	1988年2月2日	国务院关于加强民航安全工作的紧急通知	国发明电 [1988]3号	中央人民政府国务院
5	1993年7月12日	国务院关于加强安全生产工作的通知	—	中央人民政府国务院
6	2006年8月17日	国务院办公厅关于印发安全生产“十一五”规划的通知	国办发 [2006]53号	中央人民政府国务院办公厅
7	2011年10月1日	国务院办公厅关于印发安全生产“十二五”规划的通知	国办发 [2011]47号	中央人民政府国务院办公厅
8	2022年4月6日	国务院安全生产委员会关于印发《“十四五”国家安全生产规划》的通知	安委 [2022]7号	国务院安全生产委员会

树节点名称	子节点名称	内容分析单元	政策文本来源
供给型	资金投入	强化中央和地方财政经费保障,优化安全生产支出结构	《国务院安全生产委员会关于印发<“十四五”国家安全生产规划>的通知》
供给型	培育培训	职工必须全部经过培训合格后上岗	《国务院关于进一步加强企业安全生产工作的通知》
环境型	宣传教育	应利用各种方式加强安全用电基本知识的宣传教育	《劳动部卫生部中华全国总工会关于加强夏秋季安全卫生工作的通知》
环境型	规划计划	把安全生产工作纳入企业发展战略和规划的整体布局之中	《国务院办公厅关于加强中央企业安全生产工作的通知》
需求型	服务机构	大力培育和发展安全评价、认证、检测检验、培训和咨询等安全生产中介组织	《国务院办公厅关于印发安全生产“十一五”规划的通知》
需求型	示范工程	建设地区安全社区支持中心和一批国家安全示范社区	《国务院办公厅关于印发安全生产“十二五”规划的通知》

树节点名称	子节点名称	内容分析单元	政策文本来源
安全生产治理逻辑	目标理念	要牢固树立科学发展、安全发展的理念	《国务院安委会关于深刻吸取近期事故教训进一步加强安全生产工作的通知》
安全生产治理逻辑	人才技术	要加强交通运输安全方面的科学技术研究和新技术的运用	《国务院关于加强交通运输安全工作的决定》
安全生产治理逻辑	事前预防	禁止锁闭、封堵生产经营场所或者员工宿舍的出口	《中华人民共和国安全生产法》
安全生产治理逻辑	事中管控	督促企业加强现场作业管理,落实技术防范措施	《国家安全监管总局关于进一步加强监管监察执法促进企业安全生产主体责任落实的意见》
安全生产治理逻辑	事后处理	要按照“四不放过”原则,严格事故查处	《国务院办公厅关于进一步加强安全生产工作的通知》

逻辑要素政策工具		目标理念	人才技术	事前预防	事中管控	事后处理	共计	比例/%
供给型	培育培训	4	65	21	3	3	96	10.26
	设施设备	4	31	49	14	3	101	10.79
	资金投入	2	9	30	1	5	47	5.02
环境型	法律规章	5	5	32	16	33	91	9.72
	规划计划	30	3	14	1	2	50	5.34
	监督考核	10	16	69	86	29	210	22.44
	宣传教育	9	5	59	1	7	81	8.65
	组织管理	5	23	60	40	25	153	16.35
需求型	成果转化	1	18	0	0	0	19	2.03
	服务机构	0	16	7	1	1	25	2.67
	示范工程	1	2	15	0	0	18	1.92
	应急救援	1	17	16	1	10	45	4.81
共计		72	210	372	164	118	936	—
比例/%		7.69	22.44	39.74	17.52	12.61	—	100

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