Abstract:

To enhance the fire emergency evacuation capability of hospital buildings in fire, a device was designed for timely emergency evacuation and safe escape. UBmap, AHP, and FAST were integrated into the overall design framework to investigate users' needs and relevant product design elements for emergency evacuation devices. The UBmap incorporated the escape behavior of patients during the fire based on the characteristics of hospital buildings, and constructed a behavior journey map to predict and extract needs at each stage. AHP/FAST aggregation methods were then used to rank these needs according to their importance, converting them into primary and secondary functions for analysis and resolution. This determined the accuracy of the product design orientation and functional logic, and finally completed the design scheme. The theoretical model based on UBmap/AHP/FAST was applied to the design and development of fire evacuation device in hospital buildings. The design's overall strength and feasibility were further verified and validated using finite element analysis in ANSYS Workbench software. The results show that the integration of different systematic product analysis, design, and simulation testing methods reduces weak points and uncertainties in the design process. This approach makes the design more systematic and scientific, and achieves the goals of reducing production costs, enhancing safety and efficiency, and improving disaster prevention and mitigation.

Key words: user behavior map (UBmap), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), function analysis system technique (FAST), building fire, emergency shelter device, device design