Simulation study on lithium battery vehicles transported by roll on/roll off ships

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.09.1864

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to address the severe consequences of lithium battery vehicle fires during ship transportation, a vehicle fire simulation model of a ro-ro ship deck lithium battery was constructed. Firstly, the accuracy of the fire simulation model of single and dual lithium battery vehicles was verified by using the full-scale fire experiment data of lithium battery vehicles. Then, the verified simulation model was applied to simulate the fire of a lithium battery vehicle on the deck of a ro-ro ship, and the variation rules of fire heat release rate, temperature and radiant heat under different vehicle spacing were analyzed. The results show that in the initial stage of the lithium battery vehicle fire, the flame first spreads to the side-parked vehicles, especially the side of the vehicle affected by the jet fire, and then expands to the front and rear vehicles. The front vehicle suffers significantly more fire damage than the rear vehicle. At the same time, jet fire aggravates the spread and development of lithium battery vehicle fires. The temperature of the area with jet fire is significantly higher than that of the area without jet fire, and the adjacent vehicles affected by jet fire are ignited first. The numerical simulation method can effectively simulate the fire development and spreading process of the vehicle carrying lithium battery on a ship.

Key words: roll-on/roll-off ships, lithium battery vehicles, vehicle fire, simulation model, jet flame

CLC Number:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

WANG Yanfu, ZHANG Haoran, QIAO Jian, XIONG Zixun, ZOU Li. Simulation study on lithium battery vehicles transported by roll on/roll off ships[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(9): 107-113.

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名称	主要物质	密度/ (kg·m^-3)	导热系数/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)	比热容/ (kJ·kg^-1·K^-1)	材质燃点/℃	热值/ (MJ·kg^-1)
车辆轮胎	天然橡胶	1 200.00	0.15	2.01	360.00	44.71
车辆外壳	ABS树脂	1 100.00	0.25	1.47	300.00	35.25
车辆玻璃	二氧化硅	2 500.00	0.76	0.84	不可燃	无
电动机	铝合金	2 630.00	238.00	0.90	不可燃	无
车辆底盘	钢	7 850.00	1.70	0.05	不可燃	无
车辆内饰	塑料泡沫	28.00	12.03	1.02	默认参数	默认参数
锂电池	锰酸锂	3 900.00	0.46	45.80	130.00	42.99

蔓延时间	试验时间	模拟时间	时间差
邻车被点燃	179	198	19
初始车全车起火	574	585	11
邻车全车起火	1 207	1 200	7

火灾场景	车辆左右间距	车辆前后间距
场景1	0.3	0.3
场景2	0.5	0.5
场景3	0.5	0.7

场景	辐射热探测器名称	被引燃时间/ s
场景1	R00	147
	R01	204
	R02	171
	R03	417
	R04	444
	R05	435
	R06	480
	R07	471
	R08	453
场景2	R00	135
	R01	251
	R02	225
	R03	446
	R04	477
	R05	540
	R06	546
	R07	552
	R08	506
场景3	R00	126
	R01	285
	R02	258
	R03	501
	R04	567
	R05	602
	R06	579
	R07	603
	R08	538