Study on location of medical rescue points in subway stations considering risk of accidents

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.06.2189

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to address issues of emergency rescue points under subway station accidents, an evaluation model of station accident risk was established based on TOPSIS method starting from four aspects: passenger flow, equipment, environment, and management. The improved P-median site selection model, which achieved the least total time spent to complete the rescue task, and the improved MCLP site selection model, which maximized the rescue volume per unit time, were established by combining the accident risk level of a subway station, actual rescue demand, rescue point's capacity for emergency rescue, and actual operation of vehicles during the rescue process. The simulated annealing algorithm was applied to obtain the results. The results are as follows: the improved P-median model and the improved MCLP model have more advantages compared with the traditional model. The stations with high accident potential were given priority for rescue considering the station accident risk. The improved MCLP model is preferred when the rescue demand is unknown, while the improved P-median model is preferred when the casualty situation is relatively well understood and the rescue task is clear.

Key words: risk of accidents, medical rescue site, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS), improved P-median model, maximum covering location problem(MCLP) model

PAN Hengyan, LIANG Tingting, GAO Zhixiang, SHEN Weiyu, WANG Yonggang. Study on location of medical rescue points in subway stations considering risk of accidents[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(6): 186-192.

Figures/Tables 10

Tab.1

Accident risk assessment index of metro station

指标分类	指标
客流指标A	高峰时刻站台饱和度 $A 1$
	高峰时刻通道拥挤度 $A 2$
	高峰时刻楼梯拥挤度 $A 3$
	高峰时刻客流量 $A 4$
	高峰时刻持续时间 $A 5$
设备指标B	设备故障率 $B 1$
	设备更新率 $B 2$
	设备维修保养合格率 $B 3$
	安全标识完备率 $B 4$
环境指标C	近5年暴力事件事故次数 $C 1$
	近5年火灾次数 $C 2$
	近5年踩踏事故次数 $C 3$
	外部疏散道路拥堵情况 $C 4$
管理指标D	安全技术人员配备率 $D 1$
	员工应急排演频率 $D 2$
	员工应急培训情况 $D 3$
	应急预案水平 $D 4$

Tab.1

Tab.2

Parameters of the improved P-median model

参数		说明
问题参数	d_ij/km	救援点j与车站i的最短路径长度
	v_ij/ (km·h^-1)	救援点j对车站i救护过程中的行程速度
	h_ij/人	救援点j对车站i的乘客救援量
	n_i/人	车站i的救援需求总量
	$i 、 j$	车站、救援点编号
	$I 、 J$	车站、救援点集合
	p	救援点备选总数
	w_i	车站i的事故风险等级
	T₁/h	救援行程时间
	T₂/h	救援等待时间
	s_j/辆	救援点j的急救车总数
	e_ij/ (人·h^-1)	救援点j对车站i的单位时间救援量
	x_j	1, $∑ i ∈ I q i j > 0$ ,表示救援点j有救援车派出; 0, $∑ i ∈ I q i j = 0$ ,表示救援点j无救援车派出
	$y i j$	1, $q i j > 0$ ,表示救援点j对车站i派出急救车; 0, $q i j = 0$ ,表示救援点j对车站i未派出急救车
决策变量	q_ij/辆	救援点j对车站i派出的急救车

Tab.2

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