Speed-density relationship and congestion risk analysis in bidirectional children flow

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.11.1201

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to compensate the lack of understanding on children collective movement, especially the speed-density relationship and congestion risk of different age groups of children, a series of bidirectional flow experiments were conducted with 40-80 pre-school children in a kindergarten. The speed-density relationship of children from different age groups was analyzed based on Voronoi method. The CVS was introduced to depict the scatter characteristics of children walking speed and the results were compared with the adult experiments. Based on Voronoi neighborhood and social force model, the congestion risk of different age groups of children was also investigated. The results suggest that the walking speed of 5-6 years old group is the most scattered, with their average value of CVS being 1.2 and 2.2 times that of 3-4 years old group and 4-5 years old group, respectively. The CVS of all the three age groups of children are higher than that of adult experiments, with the CVS of 5-6 years old group being 2.5 and 4.7 times that of Chinese and Japanese adult experiments, respectively. In addition, the congestion risk of children group in the bidirectional flow is close to 27%-64% of that of adult group.

Key words: children group, speed-density relationship, bidirectional flow, coefficient of variation of speed (CVS), congestion risk

XUE Shuqi, CHEN Qinghua, LIU Yuhan, GONG Zhuangzhuang. Speed-density relationship and congestion risk analysis in bidirectional children flow[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(11): 175-183.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Tab.1

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Tab.3

Summary of comparison results

试验组别	密度范围/ (人·m^-2)	分区[0,0.2]平均速度/(m·s^-1)	Greenshields 拟合 $v = v f (1 - ρ / k)$
试验组别	密度范围/ (人·m^-2)	分区[0,0.2]平均速度/(m·s^-1)	v_f	k	R²
3~4岁	0.09~5.14	1.49	1.45	6.55	0.31
4~5岁	0.09~3.33	1.38	1.42	6.88	0.38
5~6岁	0.07~3.42	1.55	1.79	4.45	0.17
日本成年人	0.09~1.79	1.30	1.53	7.28	0.45
中国成年人	0.10~5.33	1.06	1.20	6.56	0.82

Tab.3

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Tab.4

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Fig.8

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年龄组/岁	身高/cm	体质量/kg	参与人数	重复次数
3~4(含4岁, 下同)	99.37±3.55	15.64±1.53	40	7
3~4(含4岁, 下同)	99.37±3.55	15.64±1.53	80	5
4~5	103.69±5.18	16.49±1.37	40	6
5~6	116.67±2.62	22.04±3.02	40	5
5~6	116.67±2.62	22.04±3.02	80	5

成年人试验	年龄/ 岁	通道尺寸长× 宽/m×m	试验人数	重复次数
日本	~21.03	38×3	54	4
中国	20~28	10×4	30~80	2