Experiment and analysis of influence of aperture on performance of compressed air foam jet

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.0106

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to optimize the design of fire-fighting equipment, the influence of apertures on the performance of compressed air foam jets was investigated through experiments involving various jet apertures and gas-liquid ratios. The data, including the expansion ratio, liquid drainage time, foam jet range, and width, were collected. It was found that as the jet aperture decreased, the deviation of the actual expansion ratio from the ideal value increases, and the deviation increases as the gas-liquid ratio increases. The minimum jet aperture threshold meeting the stability requirements of the compressed air foam system is determined. The critical gas-liquid ratio for a stable foam jet decreases as the aperture diminishes, and a relationship between the jet aperture and the critical gas-liquid ratio is established. The effect of jet aperture on the diameter of foam D₃₂ and 25% drainage time is not obvious. For gas-liquid ratios below 20, in the same gas-liquid ratio, the jet aperture is inversely proportional to the range and width of the foam. Under the same jet aperture, beyond a certain gas-liquid ratio, the variation in foam range becomes negligible. Additionally, the underlying causes of the observed critical gas-liquid ratio, 25% drainage time, and variations in range and width are analyzed.

Key words: jet aperture, compressed air foam, foam jet, foam performance, expansion ratio, foam drainage time

CLC Number:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

LIU Changchun, DU Xue, LI Yushan, XI Haoyue, XU Cheng, XIN Shijie. Experiment and analysis of influence of aperture on performance of compressed air foam jet[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(9): 129-136.

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装置名称	相关参数
储液罐	尺寸:42 cm×26 cm×26 cm
水泵	压力范围:0.5~1.2 MPa;流量范围:1~5 L/min
空气压缩机	功率:1 200 W;转速:2 800 r/min; 气罐储量:10 L;压力:≤0.9 MPa
减压阀	压力:≤0.6 MPa
液体流量计	范围:0.2~10 L/min;精度:±1%
气体流量计	范围:10~100 L/h;精度:±1%
压力表	量程:0~0.6 MPa;精度:±1%

射流孔径 d/mm	液体流量 L/min	气液比	压力/ MPa	组数
3.5	0.61	10~30	0.1~0.2	24
4.0	0.61	10~30	0.1~0.2	33
4.5	0.61	10~35	0.1~0.2	39
5.0	0.61	10~45	0.1~0.2	48