中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 100-105.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.01.017

• 安全工程技术科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

化工危险源定量保护层分析

闫放1,2 讲师, 张舒1,2 副教授, 许开立3 教授   

  1. 1 中南大学 资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083;
    2 中南大学 安全理论创新与促进研究中心,湖南 长沙 410083;
    3 东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-08 修回日期:2018-12-19 出版日期:2019-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-23
  • 作者简介:闫 放 (1989—),男,辽宁兴城人,博士,讲师,主要从事风险分析与评价、系统安全理论、危险源辨识与评价研究。E-mail:yanfang3543@csu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0808404,2017YFC0805100);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助(51604300)。

Research on quantitative layer of protection analysis for chemical industry hazards

YAN Fang1,2, ZHANG Shu1,2, XU Kaili3   

  1. 1 School of Resources & Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha Hunan 410083, China;
    2 Safety & Security Theory Innovation and Promotion Center (STIPC) of CSU, Changsha Hunan 410083, China;
    3 School of Resources & Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
  • Received:2018-11-08 Revised:2018-12-19 Online:2019-01-28 Published:2020-11-23

摘要: 为实现定量化的保护层分析(LOPA),开发集对-保护层分析(SPA-LOPA)方法,首先将集对分析(SPA)与传统的LOPA相结合,利用SPA定量化处理风险后果严重度;然后引入相离度(DD)的概念及相应的计算公式,用DD的值来定量表述风险后果严重度,完成风险的定量计算,实现定量化的LOPA;最后以甲苯储罐压力偏高事件为例进行案例分析,并与传统LOPA方法进行对比,验证所开发方法的有效性。结果表明:用所开发方法能解决化工危险源保护层分析中的定量化问题,保证评价质量。

关键词: 保护层分析(LOPA), 集对分析(SPA), 定量风险评价, 化工危险源, 风险降低过程

Abstract: The application of LOPA, a semi-quantitative risk assessment method, in the assessment of chemical hazards is restricted. It cannot fulfill the requirement of scientific and precise evaluation for safety measures in the chemical industry. In order to make quantification of LOPA, a quantitative LOPA called the set pair analysis-layer of protection analysis (SPA-LOPA) was worked out by taking advantage of the SPA. The severity of the risk can be determined quantitatively by using the proposed method. Moreover, a concept of diversity degree (DD) was introduced to make quantitative description of the severity, and corresponding algorithm of the DD was worked out. Therefore, the risk can be calculated, and the quantitative LOPA can be achieved. A case study for the high pressure incident of a certain toluene tank was made by using SPA-LOPA. The traditional LOPA was employed to make comparison and verify the effectiveness. The results show that the quantitative LOPA for chemical hazards can be made by using the proposed method, and the quality of assessment results also can be ensured.

Key words: layer of protection analysis(LOPA), set pair analysis(SPA), quantitative risk assessment, chemical hazards, risk reduction

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