视觉分心程度对跟车运动状态的影响

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.01.008

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 58-64.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.01.008

• 安全社会科学与安全管理 • 上一篇下一篇

视觉分心程度对跟车运动状态的影响

刘卓凡¹(), 周星池¹, 刘通², 吴付威³^,^**()

¹西安邮电大学现代邮政学院, 陕西西安 710061
²重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074
³长安大学汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室,陕西西安 710064

收稿日期:2021-10-20 修回日期:2021-12-12 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2022-07-28
通讯作者: 吴付威
作者简介:
刘卓凡(1987—),男,河南洛阳人,博士,讲师,主要从事驾驶行为、车辆主动安全技术方面的研究。E-mail: zhuofan.liu@outlook.com。
刘卓凡讲师,刘通讲师,吴付威高级工程师
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(52002319); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JQ-706); 汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室开放课题资助项目(300102229508); 重庆交通大学校内科学基金课题(20JDKJC-B028)

Impact of visual distraction degree on car following state

LIU Zhuofan¹(), ZHOU Xingchi¹, LIU Tong², WU Fuwei³^,^**()

¹Modern Postal College, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an Shaanxi 710061, China
²College of Traffic &Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
³Key Laboratory for Automotive Transportation Safety Enhancement Technology of the Ministry of Communication, PRC, Xi'an Shaanxi 710061, China

Received:2021-10-20 Revised:2021-12-12 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2022-07-28
Contact: WU Fuwei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确驾驶人在不同复杂度的交通环境下视觉分心程度对跟车运动状态的影响,在驾驶模拟器上搭建城市、乡村和高速道路3种交通环境,利用视线遮挡方法,设置0、1和2 s等3种固定时长,量化被试视觉分心程度;对26位被试进行模拟器驾驶试验,采集车辆速度、纵向加速度和车辆位置等参数;采用重复测量一般线性模型,分析视觉分心程度对上述参数的影响。结果表明:跟车距离和车道偏移距离在城市、乡村和高速道路上依次增加;在高速道路上,跟车距离、车头时距和车道偏移距离随视觉分心程度的增加而增大;而在城市和乡村道路上,视觉分心1 s并不会对车辆运动状态产生显著性影响,仅当视觉分心2 s时,才会导致车道偏离距离、跟车距离和车头时距显著增加,降低车辆运动的平稳性;驾驶人则通过降低车速和频繁加减速等补偿方式,保证车辆运行的安全性。

关键词: 视觉分心程度, 车辆运动状态, 跟车距离, 交通环境复杂度, 视线遮挡, 驾驶模拟器

Abstract:

In order to study impacts of visual distraction degree on car following state in different traffic environments, three kinds of scenarios, urban, rural and motorway environment, were set up in a driving simulator, and vision occlusion method was used to quantify participants' visual distraction degree, and 0 seconds, 1 second and 2 seconds were chosen as three different occlusion duration. Then, 26 participants were tested on the simulator, and parameters like vehicle speed, longitudinal acceleration and vehicle position were collected. Finally, the repeated linear model was adopted to analyze influence of vision distraction degree on these parameters. The results show that car following distance and lane departure distance increase in urban, rural and motorway environment in sequence. On motorways, car following distance, time headway, and lane departure distance increase along with that of visual distraction degree. On urban and rural roads, visual distraction for 1 second does not have a significant effect on vehicles' movement state, and lane departure distance, car following distance and time headway only increase significantly when it lasts for 2 seconds, which leads to reduction of smoothness of vehicles' movement. And drivers can ensure driving safety by reducing driving speed and accelerating or decelerating it frequently.

Key words: visual distraction degree, vehicles' motion state, following distance, traffic environment complexity, visual occlusion, driving simulator

刘卓凡, 周星池, 刘通, 吴付威. 视觉分心程度对跟车运动状态的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(1): 58-64.

LIU Zhuofan, ZHOU Xingchi, LIU Tong, WU Fuwei. Impact of visual distraction degree on car following state[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(1): 58-64.

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参考文献 17

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年龄/岁			驾龄/a			驾驶里程/10⁴km
范围	均值	标准差	范围	均值	标准差	范围	均值	标准差
22~45	31.4	5.7	6~13	8.4	2.5	2~10	6.3	4.1

车辆运动状态表征参数	交通环境复杂度 F(2, 50)	视觉分心程度 F(2, 50)	交通环境复杂度与视觉分心程度的交互作用F(4, 100)
车速	18.3^***	10.6^**	1.1
纵向加速度	2.4	7.6^**	5.1^*
跟车距离	23.6^***	14.1^***	F(3.4, 87.1)=4.5^*
车头时距	1.7	F(1.7, 43.8)=10.2^***	6.3^**
车道偏移距离	F(1.6, 44.9)=6.2^**	9.8^**	4.4^*

视觉分心程度对跟车运动状态的影响

Impact of visual distraction degree on car following state

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