采空区地表InSAR形变监测与安全稳定性评价

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.0148

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明河南省平顶山市某变电站拟建场地的安全稳定性,避免采空区地表沉降或倾斜给变电站造成安全隐患,采用永久散射体(PS)合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)研究平顶山市2015—2022年间的45景Sentinel-1A数据,精细化分析拟建场地的9个代表位置的时序形变特征,进而建立基于InSAR监测的采空区地表场地安全稳定性评价机制,完成对场地的安全稳定性评价。研究结果表明:基于模糊数据集的模糊PS选点法可克服PS点密度低的弊端,有效增加分析可用数据,提升监测结果的准确性;依据基准点校正拟建区内代表点的时序形变后发现,拟建场地整体形变较小且逐渐呈现趋于稳定的趋势,最大沉降量为13.05 mm,最大沉降速度为5.73 mm/a,最大倾斜为0.070 mm/m。基于安全稳定性评价机制分析可知:采空区地表场地移动变形处于稳定状态,变电站地基基础处于安全状态,采空区地表沉降对拟建变电站的影响程度小,综合3种评价指标进行分析,采空区地表场地安全稳定性等级为高,具备建设变电站的可行性。

关键词: 采空区, 地表形变, 永久散射体(PS)合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR), 形变监测, 安全稳定性评价

Abstract:

To investigate the safety and stability of a proposed substation site in Pingdingshan city, Henan province, and avoid potential risks to the substation caused by the subsidence or tilting of the coal mine goaf, PS-InSAR was utilized to study 45 scenes Sentinel-1A data in Pingdingshan City from 2015 to 2022. A comprehensive analysis of the temporal deformation patterns of nine representative positions of the proposed site was performed. An evaluation mechanism for the safety and stability of the surface site of the coal mine goaf was established based on InSAR monitoring, and the evaluation of the site's safety and stability was completed. The research results demonstrate that the proposed fuzzy PS point selection method based on fuzzy sets theory can overcome the disadvantages of low PS point density, effectively increase the available data for analysis, and enhance the accuracy of monitoring results. After correcting the time series deformation of the representative points in the proposed area based on the reference point, it is found that the overall deformation of the proposed site is small and gradually showing a stable trend, with the maximum settlement of 13.05 mm, the maximum settlement velocity of 5.73 mm/a, and the maximum inclination of 0.070 mm/m. The analysis based on the safety and stability evaluation mechanism reveals that the surface displacement of the coal mine goaf is in a stable state, the substation foundation is in a safe state, and the surface settlement has little influence on the proposed substation. Based on the analysis of three evaluation indicators, the safety and stability level of the ground site on the coal mine goaf is classified as high, and it is feasible to build a substation.

Key words: goaf, surface deformation, persistent scatterer(PS)-interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), deformation monitoring, safety and stability evaluation

中图分类号:

X913.4安全系统工程

董建军, 张莹, 李昕, 梅媛. 采空区地表InSAR形变监测与安全稳定性评价[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(1): 140-149.

DONG Jianjun, ZHANG Ying, LI Xin, MEI Yuan. InSAR deformation monitoring and safety and stability evaluation on surface of coal mine goaf[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(1): 140-149.

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参数名称	参数值	参数名称	参数值
干涉宽幅模式	IW	成像时间	2015-04-11— 2022-08-08
极化方式	VV	升/降轨	升轨
波段类型	C波段	SAR数据景数	45景
数据类型	SLC	地面分辨率	12.5 m
入射角/ (°)	40.538	辅助数据	河南省NASA 12.5 m DEM

方向	沉降值/ mm	最大沉降差/mm	倾斜程度/ (mm·m^-1)
正东端点	8.33	5.69	0.070
正西端点	2.64	5.69	0.070
正南端点	4.64	2.67	0.051
正北端点	1.97	2.67	0.051

评价因素		稳定状态
下沉速度及累计下沉值/mm	倾斜/(mm·m^-1)	稳定状态
沉降速度≥1 mm/d	≥10	不稳定
沉降速度<1 mm/d, 但连续6个月累计下沉≥30 mm	3~10	相对稳定
沉降速度<1 mm/d, 且连续6个月累计下沉<30 mm	<3	稳定

名称	容许沉降量/mm	容许沉降差或倾斜
GIS等气、油管道连接设备基础	200	0.002L
主变压器基础	—	0.003L
刚接构架基础	150	0.003L
铰接构架基础	200	—
支持式硬母线及隔离开关支架基础	—	0.002L

评价因素		危害等级
地表残余变形
沉降量/mm	最大倾斜/(mm·m^-1)
≥200	≥10	危害大
100~200	3~10	危害中等
<100	<3	危害小