再生顶板条件下煤自燃危险区域空间分布特征

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.03.0890

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为避免煤层开采过程中再生顶板遗煤自燃,明确其内部流场特性,探究煤自燃危险区域动态特征,以山东某矿再生顶板遗煤自燃特性分析为例,采用数值模拟方法,对比分析采空区及再生顶板在不同风量下的漏风特征,并结合再生顶板结构特性,基于氧气质量分数与漏风速度复合指标,采取投影叠加判定新方法,确定煤自燃危险区域范围。研究结果表明:采空区深度小于60 m时,氧气质量分数逐渐减小,60 m后氧气质量分数不再受风量影响;而再生顶板氧气质量分数分布具有非对称性,在回风巷尾端会形成一个“三角形”中空区域。采空区在倾向上20~40 m范围内发生漏风回流,而再生顶板漏风速度分布呈“U”型对称分布。采空区煤自燃危险区域变化特征与氧化带相类似,而再生顶板煤自燃危险区域范围主要分布在靠近进风巷中部及回风巷前中部内侧区域,且随风量的增加,危险区域面积逐渐增大并逐渐向尾部延伸。

关键词: 再生顶板, 煤自燃, 危险区域, 采空区, 氧化带

Abstract:

In order to avoid the spontaneous combustion of residual coal from the regenerated roof during coal mining, the characteristics of interior fluid field were clarified, and the dynamic law of coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone was explored. Taking the spontaneous combustion features of residual coal from the regenerated roof of a mine in Shandong province as an example, the numerical simulation method was used to simulate and compare the air leakage characteristics of goaf and regenerated roof under different air volume. Subsequently, based on the structural characteristics of the regenerated roof, the scope of coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone was determined by adopting a new method of projection superposition judgment with oxygen concentration and air leakage speed as comprehensive indexes. The results of the study show that the oxygen mass fraction of goaf decreases gradually when the depth is smaller than 60 m, while it's no longer affected by the air volume when the depth exceeds 60 m. The oxidation zone is asymmetrically distributed, forming a "triangle" hollow area at the end of the return airway. The air leakage and backflow occurs in the range of 20-40 m in dip direction of goaf, whereas the air leakage velocity of regenerated roof presents a U-shaped symmetrical distribution. The change features of coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone in the goaf resemble those of the oxidation zone. In contrast, the coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone in the regenerated roof is mainly distributed near the middle of the intake airway and the inner part of the front middle of the return airway, and the area of coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone gradually expands and extends towards the tail with the increase in air volume.

Key words: regenerated roof, coal spontaneous combustion, hazardous zone, goaf, oxidation zone

中图分类号:

X936

李敏, 罗欧文, 鲁义, 施式亮, 李贺, 林志军. 再生顶板条件下煤自燃危险区域空间分布特征[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(3): 129-136.

LI Min, LUO Ouwen, LU Yi, SHI Shiliang, LI He, LIN Zhijun. Research on spatial distribution pattern of coal spontaneous combustion hazardous zone under condition of regenerated roof[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(3): 129-136.

图/表 10

图1

图2

表1

模型各区域尺寸

名称	长×宽×高/ m×m×m	瓦斯涌出量/ (kg·m^-3·s^-1)	遗煤含量/%
进风巷	4×20×3	—	—
回风巷	4×20×3	—	—
工作面	180×10×3	$1.13 × 10 - 6$	—
胶结再生带	180×200×3	$9.78 × 10 - 8$	8
弱胶结压实带	180×200×7	$2.62 × 10 - 8$	5
裂隙带	180×200×30	$2.45 × 10 - 9$	2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表2

参考文献 17

[1]	李敏, 林志军, 王德明, 等. 我国煤矿重特大火灾事故统计分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(1):115-121. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.01.0457
	LI Min, LIN Zhijun, WANG Deming, et al. Statistical analysis of major coal mine fire accidents in China[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(1): 115-121. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.01.0457
[2]	GU Wangxin, LU Yi, YAN Zhihong, et al. Spontaneous combustion of coal in regenerated roof and its prevention technology[J]. Fuel, 2023, 346:DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128280.
[3]	鲁义, 陈健, 邵淑珍, 等. 再生顶板煤自燃漏风裂隙控制机理[J]. 煤炭学报, 2023, 48(2):795-805.
	LU Yi, CHEN Jian, SHAO Shuzhen, et al. The mechanism of the control mechanism of the self-ignition leakage of the regenerative roof coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2023, 48(2): 795-805.
[4]	WANG Yongyin, TAHERI A, XU Xianbi. Application of coal mine roof rating in Chinese coal mines[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2018, 28(3): 491-497. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2018.04.005
[5]	CHEN Jian, LU Yi, TANG Guoxin, et al. Research and prevention of upper remaining coal spontaneous combustion induced by air leakage in multi-inclination regenerated roof: a case study in the Luwa coal mine, China[J]. Energy, 2023, 275: DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2023.127484.
[6]	董子文, 齐庆杰, 韩光, 等. 采空区氧化带与发火期动态演化规律模拟研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2018, 28(7):45-51. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.07.008
	DONG Ziwen, QI Qingjie, HAN Guang, et al. Numerical simulation study on dynamical evolution rule of spontaneous combustion oxidation zone and period[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2018, 28(7): 45-51. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.07.008
[7]	韩颖, 刘德宝. 不同通风方式条件下采空区氧气与瓦斯分布规律研究[J]. 煤炭技术, 2023, 42(1):115-118.
	HAN Ying, LIU Debao. Study on distribution law of oxygen and gas in goaf under different ventilation modes[J]. Coal Technology, 2023, 42(1): 115-118.
[8]	黎经雷, 牛会永, 鲁义, 等. 风速对近距离煤层采空区漏风及煤自燃影响研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2019, 47(3):156-162.
	LI Jinglei, NIU Huiyong, LU Yi, et al. Study on effect of wind speed to air leakage and spontaneous combustion in goaf of contiguous seams[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2019, 47(3): 156-162.
[9]	LI Jianwei, LI Xintian, LIU Changyou, et al. Study on the air leakage characteristics of a goaf in a shallow coal seam and spontaneous combustion prevention and control strategies for residual coal[J]. PloS One, 2022, 17(6):DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0269822.
[10]	MOISÉS O B R, ALAN J D A, BAENA P B. A study of fire propagation in coal seam with numerical simulation of heat transfer and chemical reaction rate in mining field[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2019, 29(6): 873-879. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmst.2019.09.003
[11]	LEI Changkui, JIANG Lijuan, BAO Ruoyu, et al. Study on multifield migration and evolution law of the oxidation heating process of coal spontaneous combustion in dynamic goaf[J]. ACS Omega, 2023, 8(15): 14 197-14 207. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01107
[12]	鲁义, 杨帆, 王涛, 等. 再生顶板煤自燃危险区域分布研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(9):135-141.
	LU Yi, YANG Fan, WANG Tao, et al. Research on risk area distribution of coal spontaneous combustion in regenerated roof[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(9):135-141.
[13]	王少锋, 王德明, 曹凯, 等. 采空区及上覆岩层空隙率三维分布规律[J]. 中南大学学报:自然科学版, 2014, 45(3):833-839.
	WANG Shaofeng, WANG Deming, CAO Kai, et al. Distribution law of 3D fracture field of goaf and overlying strata[J]. Journal of Central South University: Science and Technology, 2014, 45(3): 833-839.
[14]	WU Kan, CHENG Gonglin, ZHOU Dawei. Experimental research on dynamic movement in strata overlying coal mines using similar material modeling[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2015, 8(9): 6521-6534. doi: 10.1007/s12517-014-1685-3
[15]	李宗翔, 温永宇, 张金玉. 煤样封闭耗氧试验及其参数测定分析[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2009, 9(1):116-119.
	LI Zongxiang, WEN Yongyu, ZHANG Jinyu. An experiment with oxygen consumption and parameter-defining for sealed coal samples[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2009, 9(1): 116-119.
[16]	苏承东, 顾明, 唐旭, 等. 煤层顶板破碎岩石压实特征的试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(1):18-26.
	SU Chengdong, GU Ming, TANG Xu, et al. Experiment study of compaction characteristics of crushed stones from coal seam roof[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012, 31(1): 18-26.
[17]	LU Yi, YAN Zhihong, SHI Shiliang, et al. Delineation and prevention of the spontaneous combustion dangerous area of coal in a regenerated roof: a case study in the Zhoujing coal mine, China[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2020, 34(5): 6401-6413. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00884

风量/(m³·min^-1)	进风侧/m	回风侧/m
250	9.5~34.2	3.6~23.5
550	11.8~39.8	4.0~31.6
850	13.4~43.8	6.1~34.9