中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 65-72.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.06.0945

• 安全工程技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

受限空间锂离子电池热失控热传递仿真研究

张青松1(), 贾燕1, 翟祺悦2, 刘添添1   

  1. 1 中国民航大学 民航热灾害防控与应急重点实验室,天津 300300
    2 北京中航建研航空设计咨询有限公司,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-14 修回日期:2024-03-16 出版日期:2024-06-28
  • 作者简介:

    张青松 (1977—),男,河北晋州人,博士,教授,主要从事民航危险品运输安全与锂电池火灾方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(U2033204); 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3122023022)

Simulation study on heat transfer of thermal runaway lithium-ion battery in confined space

ZHANG Qingsong1(), JIA Yan1, ZHAI Qiyue2, LIU Tiantian1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
    2 Beijing AVIC Jianyan Aviation Design & Consulting Co., Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2023-12-14 Revised:2024-03-16 Published:2024-06-28

摘要:

为探究锂离子电池在航空运输等受限空间条件下的热失控热传递来源及占比,以正极材料钴酸锂(LCO)的18650型锂离子电池(100% 荷电状态)为研究对象。通过ANSYS Fluent软件建立锂离子电池热失控热传递模型,将第1节电池及其热失控产生的热解气体作为热源,通过辐射传热和对流换热对第2节电池进行加热至热失控。研究结果表明:第2节电池达到热失控温度时,电池内部副反应产热占总能量的30.01%;第1节电池热失控产生的气体燃烧为第2节电池热失控提供能量,且占总能量的5.64%;第2节电池达到最高温度时,电池内部产热占比87.39%,气体燃烧提供的能量占比为1.76%;热解气体的燃烧虽然加速第2节电池的热失控进程,但提供的能量所占比例较小。

关键词: 受限空间, 锂离子电池, 热失控热传递, Fluent, 内部副反应, 气体燃烧

Abstract:

To investigate the source and proportion of thermal runaway heat transfer of lithium-ion batteries in confined conditions space such as aviation transportation, the 18650 lithium-ion battery (100% state of charge) with lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) as the cathode material was used. The heat transfer model of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries was proposed by ANSYS Fluent software. Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas generated by the first battery and its thermal runaway was used as the heat source, and the second battery was heated to thermal runaway through radiation and convection. The results showed that when 2nd battery reached the thermal runaway temperature, the heat generated by the internal side reaction accounted for 30.01% of the total energy. The gas combustion generated by the 1st battery thermal runaway provided energy for 2nd battery thermal runaway, accounting for 5.64% of the total energy. When 2nd battery reached the maximum temperature, the heat generated inside the battery accounted for 87.39%, and the energy provided by the gas combustion was 1.76%. the pyrolysis gas combustion accelerates 2nd battery's thermal runaway, though it is a heat source, it is not a heat source. Although the combustion of pyrolysis gas accelerated the thermal runaway process of 2nd battery, the proportion of energy provided was relatively small.

Key words: confined space, lithium-ion battery, thermal runaway heat transfer, Fluent, internal side reactions, gas combustion

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