惰性气体结合细水雾抑制锂离子电池燃烧试验研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.11.009

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 51-57.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.11.009

惰性气体结合细水雾抑制锂离子电池燃烧试验研究

庄卫强^1,2, 朱顺兵^**1,2 教授, 李勋^1,2

1 南京工业大学安全科学与工程学院,江苏南京 210009;
2 江苏省危险化学品本质安全与控制技术重点实验室,江苏南京 210009

收稿日期:2019-08-21 修回日期:2019-10-22 发布日期:2020-10-30
通讯作者: ** 朱顺兵(1967—),男,江苏南京人,硕士,教授,主要从事安全监测监控技术、火灾爆炸及其防治研究。E-mail:13913399658@139.com。
作者简介:庄卫强 (1992—),男,江苏新沂人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为工业火灾与爆炸。E-mail: zweiqiangz@163.com。
基金资助:
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(17KJA620004); 南京工业大学安全学院研究生科研与实践创新计划项目。

Experimental study on inhibition of lithium ion battery combustion by inert gas combined with water mist

ZHUANG Weiqiang^1,2, ZHU Shunbing^1,2, LI Xun^1,2

1 College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210009, China;
2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing Jiangsu 210009, China

Received:2019-08-21 Revised:2019-10-22 Published:2020-10-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究锂离子电池热失控过程中的相关特性,在细水雾基础上加入惰性气体进行抑制锂离子电池火灾试验。选取荷电状态为0%、50%、100% 的磷酸铁锂电池分别在空气、N₂、CO₂气体环境中研究热失控特性;在热失控研究基础上,利用细水雾喷射装置开展锂离子电池热失控灭火试验,对比分析锂离子电池热失控爆发时间、温度变化、灭火时间等参数。结果表明:锂离子电池热失控经历鼓包破阀、初期喷火、稳定燃烧、火焰衰减、火焰熄灭、火焰复燃阶段;N₂、CO₂均能降低锂离子电池燃烧温度,减弱爆炸强度,CO₂与纯水细水雾抑制锂离子电池燃烧效果优于N₂与纯水细水雾,证明惰性气体与细水雾对锂离子电池火灾的协同抑制作用。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 火灾, 惰性气体, 细水雾, 抑制燃爆

Abstract: In order to study characteristics of lithium ion batteries during thermal runaway process, inert gas was added on the basis of water mist to carry out fire suppression test of lithium ion batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries with charge states of 0%, 50% and 100% were selected to conduct thermal runaway research in air, N₂ and CO₂ gas environments respectively. On the basis of the research on thermal runaway of lithium ion battery, the fire extinguishing test of lithium ion battery was carried out by using water spray device, and the thermal runaway process, temperature change, fire extinguishing time and other parameters were compared and analyzed. The results show that the thermal runaway of lithium ion battery goes through stages of burst valve, initial fire, stable combustion, flame attenuation, flame extinction and flame reignition, that both N₂ and CO₂ can reduce the combustion temperature and explosion intensity of lithium ion battery, and that CO₂ and pure water mist can inhibit the combustion of lithium ion battery better than N₂ and pure water mist, which proves the synergistic inhibition effect of inert gas and water mist on lithium ion battery fire.

Key words: lithium ion battery, fire, inert gas, water mist, suppression of explosion

中图分类号:

X932

庄卫强, 朱顺兵, 李勋. 惰性气体结合细水雾抑制锂离子电池燃烧试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(11): 51-57.

ZHUANG Weiqiang, ZHU Shunbing, LI Xun. Experimental study on inhibition of lithium ion battery combustion by inert gas combined with water mist[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(11): 51-57.

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惰性气体结合细水雾抑制锂离子电池燃烧试验研究

Experimental study on inhibition of lithium ion battery combustion by inert gas combined with water mist

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