新型超音速气动雾化喷嘴雾化特性及降尘性能

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0603

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 239-246.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0603

新型超音速气动雾化喷嘴雾化特性及降尘性能

张天¹^,²(), 穆新升¹^,², 陶爽¹^,², 郭雨浩¹^,², 沈祉伏¹^,², 陈星宇¹^,²

¹ 辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新 123000
² 矿山热动力灾害与防治教育部重点实验室,辽宁阜新 123000

收稿日期:2024-05-21 修回日期:2024-08-25 出版日期:2024-11-28
作者简介:
张天 (1992—),男,辽宁阜新人,博士,讲师,主要从事安全科学与技术、职业安全健康、矿井通风与粉尘防治理论及技术方面的研究。E-mail:zhangtian@lntu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52204216); 中国博士后启动基金(2022M711456); 辽宁省自然科学基金(2022-BM-331); 国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室开放基金(KLECDH20230101)

Research on atomization characteristics and dust reduction performance of new supersonic pneumatic atomization nozzles

ZHANG Tian¹^,²(), MU Xinsheng¹^,², TAO Shuang¹^,², GUO Yuhao¹^,², SHEN Zhifu¹^,², CHEN Xingyu¹^,²

¹ College of Safety Science and Technology, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China
² Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education, Fuxin Liaoning 123000, China

Received:2024-05-21 Revised:2024-08-25 Published:2024-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决现有气动喷雾技术对呼吸性粉尘的实际降除效果不佳的问题,研创一种新型超音速气动雾化技术,通过试验和数值模拟方法分析该技术的雾化特性,并通过多尺度试验对比分析该技术与超音速虹吸式、内混式气动雾化降尘技术的瞬态降尘性能。结果表明:新型超音速气动雾化喷嘴喷雾场中形成高速细雾域,随喷射距离的增加,雾滴粒径逐渐增大、雾滴速度逐渐减小;不同水流量时,随着压力的增大,雾滴粒径减小,雾滴运动速度增大,降尘效率逐步提升;与超音速虹吸式和内混式气动雾化喷嘴相比,不同水流量下,当气动压力为0.3~0.4 MPa时,新型喷嘴均具有更小的雾滴粒径和更大的雾滴运动速度,具有更高的降尘效率,最高可达90%。随气动压力的增大,新型喷嘴形成的高速细雾区域范围增大,微雾浓度增加,使不同时刻小粒径粉尘的降尘效率升高;当气动压力为0.4 MPa、水流量为10 L/h时,对2.5~10 μm的呼吸性粉尘降尘效果最佳。

关键词: 超音速气动雾化, 雾化喷嘴, 雾化特性, 降尘性能, 高速细雾

Abstract:

Respirable dust in coal mine operation space seriously endangers the health of workers. The existing pneumatic spray technology is not effective in reducing and removing respirable dust. To this end, a new supersonic pneumatic atomization technology was developed. The atomization characteristics were studied by experiments and numerical simulation. The transient dust reduction performance of this technology was compared with that of supersonic siphon and internal hybrid pneumatic atomization dust reduction technologies through multi-scale experiments. The results show that the high-speed fine mist domain is formed in the spray field of the new supersonic pneumatic atomization nozzle, and the droplet size and velocity gradually increase with the increase of spray distance. Compared with supersonic siphon and internal mixing pneumatic atomization nozzles, when the pneumatic pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa and under different water flows, the new nozzles have smaller droplet size, higher droplet movement speed, and higher dust reduction efficiency, which can reach up to 90%. With the increase of pneumatic pressure, the range of high-speed fine mist area formed by the new nozzle increases, and the concentration of micro-mist increases, so that the dust reduction efficiency of small particle size dust increases at different times. When the pneumatic pressure is 0.4 MPa and the water flow rate is 10 L/h, the dust reduction effect of 2.5-10 μm respirable dust is the best.

Key words: supersonic pneumatic atomization, atomizing nozzle, atomization characteristics, dust reduction performance, high-velocity fine fog

中图分类号:

X964工业防尘

张天, 穆新升, 陶爽, 郭雨浩, 沈祉伏, 陈星宇. 新型超音速气动雾化喷嘴雾化特性及降尘性能[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(11): 239-246.

ZHANG Tian, MU Xinsheng, TAO Shuang, GUO Yuhao, SHEN Zhifu, CHEN Xingyu. Research on atomization characteristics and dust reduction performance of new supersonic pneumatic atomization nozzles[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(11): 239-246.

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参考文献 11

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边界名称	参数设定值	边界名称	参数设定值	边界名称	参数设定值
液相质量流率m_v/ (g·s^-1)	1×10^-3	计算步长Step/s	(0,10^-6,3×10^-4)	K-H模型常数C₀	5
液滴初速度V₀/ (m·s^-1)	0.87	液滴直径D₀/ mm	1.2	气相动力黏度μ_a (Pa·s)	17.9×10^-6
气体常数R_s/ (J·kg^-1·K^-1)	287	比热容γ	1.4	普朗特数Pr	0.72
液滴密度ρ/ (kg· m^-3)	1 000	液相表面张力σ/ (N·m^-1)	0.072 9	液相动力黏度μ₁/ (mPa·s)	=1

新型超音速气动雾化喷嘴雾化特性及降尘性能

Research on atomization characteristics and dust reduction performance of new supersonic pneumatic atomization nozzles

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