基于提高环境安全的露天矿空气污染影响因素研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S2.0021

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (S2): 77-84.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S2.0021

基于提高环境安全的露天矿空气污染影响因素研究

王桂林¹(), 赵长海², 宋德林²^,^**()

¹ 国能准能集团有限责任公司, 内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017100
² 内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院, 内蒙古包头 014010

收稿日期:2023-07-10 修回日期:2023-10-09 出版日期:2023-12-30
通讯作者:
**宋德林(1986—),男,山东招远人,博士,讲师,主要从事煤矿、金属矿露天开采及金属矿地下采矿方法及工艺方面的研究。E-mail:dadadelin@163.com。
作者简介:
王桂林 (1977—),男,山西大同人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事露天采矿技术、智能矿山建设等方面的研究。E-mail:17591224@qq.com。
赵长海副教授
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(青年教师提升科研创新能力37)

Research on influencing factors of air pollution in open-pit mines based on environmental safety improvement

WANG Guilin¹(), ZHAO Changhai², SONG Delin²^,^**()

¹ Guoneng Zhunneng Group Co., Ltd., Ordos Inner Mongolia 017100, China
² Institute of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010, China

Received:2023-07-10 Revised:2023-10-09 Published:2023-12-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解采坑空气污染情况以制定有效的控制措施,围绕吊斗铲建立露天矿空气质量立体监测系统,连续监测采坑中气象要素以及粉尘浓度、CO浓度等各项参数。对比污染物发生频率及浓度,确定主要污染物,分析粉尘浓度随气象要素的变化,确定各因素对采坑污染的影响。结果表明:CO产生频率远小于PM₁₀和PM_2.5发生的频率,粉尘颗粒物是露天采坑大气主要污染物;温度、湿度和风速是污染物的主要影响因素,温度升高,湿度降低,粉尘浓度升高,风速增大,风蚀扬尘作用显著,粉尘浓度升高。可采取增加湿度的措施降低露天采坑粉尘污染,同时,应处理裸露地表,降低风蚀扬尘影响。

关键词: 露天煤矿, 吊斗铲倒堆工艺, 空气污染, 在线监测, 影响因素

Abstract:

In order to understand the air pollution situation in the mining pit and develop effective control measures, the three-dimensional monitoring system of air quality in open-pit mines was established based on the bucket shovel. The meteorological elements, dust concentration, CO concentration, and other parameters in the mining pit were continuously monitored. By comparing the frequency and concentration of pollutants, the main pollutants were determined. By analyzing the changes in dust concentration with meteorological factors, the impact of each factor on mining pit pollution was determined. The research shows that the frequency of CO generation is much lower than that of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, and dust particles are the main atmospheric pollutants in the mining pit. Temperature, humidity, and wind speed are the main influencing factors of pollutants. As temperature increases, and humidity decreases, dust concentration increases. As wind speed increases, wind erosion and dust generation have a significant effect, resulting in an increase in dust concentration. Measures to increase humidity can be taken to reduce dust pollution in the mining pit, while exposed surfaces should be managed to reduce the impact of wind erosion and dust generation.

Key words: open-pit mine, bucket shovel dumping technology, air pollution, on-line monitoring, influencing factors

中图分类号:

X964工业防尘

王桂林, 赵长海, 宋德林. 基于提高环境安全的露天矿空气污染影响因素研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(S2): 77-84.

WANG Guilin, ZHAO Changhai, SONG Delin. Research on influencing factors of air pollution in open-pit mines based on environmental safety improvement[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(S2): 77-84.

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参数	测量范围	分辨率	精度
温度/℃	-40~80	0.1	0.2
湿度/%RH	0~100	0.1	3
大气压力/kPa	30~120	0.01	0.1
风速/(m·s^-1)	0~60	0.1	0.3
风向	16个风向	—	—
PM_2.5/(μg·m^-3)	0~999	1	3%F.S
PM₁₀/(μg·m^-3)	0~999	1	3%F.S
CO质量浓度/(mg·m^-3)	0~1 000	0.1	3%F.S

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基于提高环境安全的露天矿空气污染影响因素研究

Research on influencing factors of air pollution in open-pit mines based on environmental safety improvement

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