化工园区储罐动态热力响应与失效模式的数值研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.08.0925

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 95-101.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.08.0925

化工园区储罐动态热力响应与失效模式的数值研究

陈超¹^,²(), 肖屾彬²^,³^,⁴, 魏利军²^,³^,⁴, 曾涛²^,⁴, 莫丽⁵

¹ 西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院, 四川成都 610500
² 中国安全生产科学研究院, 北京 100012
³ 中国矿业大学(北京) 应急管理与安全工程学院, 北京 100083
⁴ 重大危险源与化工园区系统安全应急管理部重点实验室, 北京 100012
⁵ 西南石油大学机电工程学院, 四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2026-02-27 修回日期:2026-05-14 出版日期:2026-08-28
作者简介:
陈超 (1991—),男,四川广安人,博士,教授,主要从事油气和新能源储运系统安全韧性与完整性管理等方面的研究。E-mail:chenchaoswpu@gmail.com。
魏利军教授级高级工程师
曾涛工程师
莫丽教授
基金资助:
四川省国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作项目(2025YFHZ0176)

Numerical study on dynamic thermal response and failure modes of storage tanks in chemical industrial parks

Chen Chao¹^,²(), Xiao Shenbin²^,³^,⁴, Wei Lijun²^,³^,⁴, Zeng Tao²^,⁴, Mo Li⁵

¹ School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu Sichuan 610500, China
² China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China
³ School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
⁴ Key Laboratory of Major Hazard and Chemical Industry Park System Safety, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100012, China
⁵ School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu Sichuan 610500, China

Received:2026-02-27 Revised:2026-05-14 Published:2026-08-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示化工园区火灾中储罐在强热载荷下的失效机制,并为灾害预防与安全设计提供依据,首先,采用双层圆柱火焰模型来模拟储罐表面的热力学行为;其次,结合人工阻尼法(ADM)与欧洲钢结构公约(ECCS)中的屈服强度与温度关系,对储罐在火灾中的动态响应与失效模式进行数值分析,通过数值求解得到储罐的温度场与应力应变场的分布;最后,根据失效时间判断储罐的失效模式,并对比储罐的罐间距、y液位高度和池火焰高度对储罐失效模式的影响,采用无量纲分析方法量化不同影响因子与失效时间的关系,揭示火灾场景下储罐的热力响应与失效规律。结果表明:储罐失效包括屈曲和屈服失效;当罐间距在12~21 m时,储罐发生屈曲失效;在3.56~8.90 m的液位高度下,储罐优先发生屈曲失效;在池火高度为6~18m时,储罐发生屈曲失效;当池火焰高度为21 m时,储罐发生屈服失效。

关键词: 化工园区, 储罐, 热力响应, 失效模式, 失效时间

Abstract:

To reveal the failure mechanism of storage tanks under strong thermal loads in chemical industrial park fires, thereby providing a basis for disaster prevention and safety design, firstly, a double-layer cylindrical flame model was adopted to simulate the thermodynamic behavior of the tank surface. Secondly, combined with the artificial damping method (ADM) and the yield strength and temperature relationship in the European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS), numerical analysis was conducted on the dynamic response and failure mode of the tank during a fire. Through numerical solution, the distribution of the temperature field and stress-strain field of the tank was obtained. Finally, the failure mode of the tank was determined based on the failure time, and the influence of the tank spacing, liquid level height inside the tank, and pool flame height on the failure mode of the tank was compared. The relationship between different influencing factors and failure time was quantified using the dimensionless analysis method to reveal the thermal response and failure patterns of the storage tank in the fire scenario. The results show that the failure of the tank includes buckling and yielding failure. When the tank spacing is between 12 and 21 meters, the tank undergoes buckling failure. At liquid levels of 3.56 to 8.90 meters, the tank is prone to buckling failure. When the pool fire height is between 6 and 18 meters, the tank undergoes buckling failure. When the pool flame height is 21 meters, the tank undergoes yielding failure.

Key words: chemical industrial park, storage tank, thermal response, failure mode, failure time

中图分类号:

X944.4

陈超, 肖屾彬, 魏利军, 曾涛, 莫丽. 化工园区储罐动态热力响应与失效模式的数值研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(8): 95-101.

Chen Chao, Xiao Shenbin, Wei Lijun, Zeng Tao, Mo Li. Numerical study on dynamic thermal response and failure modes of storage tanks in chemical industrial parks[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(8): 95-101.

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化工园区储罐动态热力响应与失效模式的数值研究

Numerical study on dynamic thermal response and failure modes of storage tanks in chemical industrial parks

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