基于SEEP/W-SLOPE/W耦合的降雨入渗含水量动态响应与稳定性演化特性

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S2.0026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究排土场边坡在强降雨条件下的体积含水量的动态响应特征及稳定性,以典型排土场降雨型滑坡为研究对象,基于非饱和渗流理论,采用有限元数值模拟方法,分析降雨入渗过程对边坡稳定性的影响特性。研究结果表明:排土场边坡体积含水量的动态变化与降雨持续时间呈现显著相关性。降雨初期,坡体表层局部含水量呈现快速增加趋势,在坡脚及坡顶后缘率先形成暂态饱和区;随着降雨持续,水分入渗范围及深度逐步扩展,坡体体积含水量呈现自上而下的递增特征,并引起地下水位抬升,坡脚部位水分积聚显著。降雨停止后,水分通过垂向入渗和水平向运移的双重机制逐步排出,导致坡体内部含水量逐渐降低。强降雨条件下,排土场边坡稳定性随降雨强度增大显著衰减,同时边坡稳定性安全系数衰减时间逐步缩短,安全系数降幅范围由12.69%增大至20.36%,且用时由72 h缩短至36 h,显示了降雨强度对边坡稳定性的影响具有时间累积效应。结合分析边坡雷达对降雨期间排土场表面位移监测数据,发现降雨入渗对边坡稳定性存在显著影响。

关键词: 排土场边坡, 降雨入渗, 体积含水量, 安全系数, 边坡稳定性

Abstract:

To investigate the dynamic response characteristics of volumetric water content and the stability of dump slopes under heavy rainfall conditions, a typical rainfall-induced landslide in a dump was studied. Based on unsaturated seepage theory and the finite element numerical simulation method, the influence of rainfall infiltration on slope stability was analyzed. The research results indicate that the dynamic variation of volumetric water content within the dump slope is significantly correlated with the duration of rainfall, and the distribution of saturated and unsaturated zones exhibits dynamic response characteristics as water content changes. In the initial stage of rainfall, the local water content in the surface layer of the slope increases rapidly, with transient saturated zones forming first at the toe and the rear edge of the slope crest. As rainfall continues, the infiltration range and depth of water gradually expand, and the volumetric water content of the slope shows an increasing trend from top to bottom. This leads to a rise in the groundwater level. After rainfall ceases, water is gradually discharged through dual mechanisms of vertical infiltration and horizontal migration, causing a progressive decrease in internal water content. Under heavy rainfall conditions, the stability of the dump slope significantly deteriorates with increasing rainfall intensity, and the time required for the safety factor to decline shortens progressively, the range of the safety factor reduction increases from 12.69% to 20.36%, while the required time decreased from 72 h to 36 h, indicating a time-dependent cumulative effect of rainfall intensity on slope stability. By analyzing the slope radar monitoring data of surface displacement during rainfall, the study demonstrates the significant impact of rainfall infiltration on slope stability.

Key words: waste dump slope, rainfall infiltration, volumetric water content, safety factor, slope stability

中图分类号:

X936

惠钰博, 于正兴, 王诺, 李希腾. 基于SEEP/W-SLOPE/W耦合的降雨入渗含水量动态响应与稳定性演化特性[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(S2): 223-230.

HUI Yubo, YU Zhengxing, WANG Nuo, LI Xiteng. Study on dynamic response of moisture content and stability evolution under rainfall infiltration using SEEP/W-SLOPE/W coupling[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(S2): 223-230.

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岩土层名称及层号	渗透系数K/ (cm·s^-1)	γ		抗剪强度				含水率/ %
		天然/ (kN·m^-3)	饱和/ (kN·m^-3)	天然		饱和
		天然/ (kN·m^-3)	饱和/ (kN·m^-3)	c/kPa	φ/(°)	c/kPa	φ/(°)
①粉砂	4.1×10^-3	15.1	18.5	1	26	0^*	23^*	6.9
②碎石	5.5×10^-2*	20.0^*	25.0	10^*	35^*	0^*	30^*	6.5^*
③黄土	4.4×10^-4	16.5	19.4	10	26	4	13	7.6
④强风化灰岩	3.4×10^-5*	20.9	22.1	80	35	50	30	5.7
⑤中等风化灰岩	4.0×10^-6*	23.4	—	1 000	44	—	—	—