管棚支护下深部隧道工作面稳定性分析

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.08.0974

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究管棚预支护下深部高应力、高水压隧道工作面的稳定性问题,首先采用变分法构建深部隧道工作面破坏模型,将高水压与围岩应力引入到力学模型中,利用上限定理计算外力功率和内能耗散率;其次根据虚功率原理,推导出深部隧道工作面潜在破裂面的解析解,并借助Matlab软件求解深部隧道的安全系数;然后分析不同参数对破裂面曲线的影响,讨论高应力、高水压环境下深部隧道安全系数的变化特征,评价管棚预支护效果。研究结果表明:围岩强度较小时产生的破坏范围较大,破裂的纵向深度也较大;此外,高水压与围岩应力对隧道工作面的稳定性具有显著影响,忽略则会明显高估隧道工作面的稳定性,安全系数的相对误差可达60%以上;管棚支护可以有效提高深部隧道工作面的稳定性,安全系数增大了79%,且高应力、高水压环境会明显降低管棚的支护效果。

关键词: 管棚支护, 深部隧道工作面, 稳定性, 高水压, 围岩应力, 安全系数

Abstract:

To investigate the stability of tunnel faces under pipe shed support in deep environments characterized by high stress and high-water pressure, a failure model for the deep tunnel face was established by the variational method. High water pressure and surrounding rock stress were incorporated into the mechanical model, and the external power and internal energy dissipation rates were calculated using the upper limit theorem. The analytical solution for the potential fracture surface of the tunnel faces was derived based on the principle of virtual work. The safety factor of the deep tunnel was solved by Matlab software. The influence of diverse parameters on the failure surface curve was analyzed, and the variation characterstics of safety factor under high stress and high-water pressure environment were discussed. Additionally, the effect of pipe shed support was evaluated. The results indicate that when the surrounding rock strength is low, the failure zone is larger and the longitudinal depth is greater. The high-water pressure and the surrounding rock stress have remarkable influence on the stability of tunnel face. Without considering them, the safety of tunnel face will be overestimated, and the relative error of safety factor can reach more than 60%. Pipe shed support can enhance the stability of deep tunnel face, increasing the safety factor by 79%. Meanwhile, high stress and high-water pressure environment will significantly reduce the effectiveness of pipe shed support. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the support design of deep tunnel, high-stress, and high-water pressure environments.

Key words: pipe shed support, deep tunnel faces, stability, high water pressure, surrounding rock stress, safety factor

中图分类号:

张佳华, 杨小丽, 杨永祥, 鲁义, 张道兵. 管棚支护下深部隧道工作面稳定性分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(8): 129-138.

ZHANG Jiahua, YANG Xiaoli, YANG Yongxiang, LU Yi, ZHANG Daobing. Stability analysis of deep tunnel faces under pipe shed support[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(8): 129-138.

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F_s		p/MPa
F_s		0	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8	1.0
q/MPa	0.5	1.810	1.290	1.010	0.823	0.697	0.604
	1.0	0.906	0.755	0.647	0.566	0.503	0.453
	1.5	0.604	0.533	0.477	0.431	0.394	0.362
	2.0	0.453	0.412	0.377	0.350	0.324	0.302
	2.5	0.362	0.336	0.312	0.292	0.275	0.259

管棚	直径/mm	壁厚t/ mm	抗剪强度τ/MPa
①	76	5	125
②	108	5	125
③	114	6	125
④	127	8	125

管棚	q/ MPa	p/MPa
管棚	q/ MPa	0	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.8	1.0
无	0.3	1.461	0.879	0.628	0.550	0.489	0.404	0.339
	0.6	0.733	0.551	0.440	0.413	0.367	0.314	0.275
	0.9	0.489	0.402	0.339	0.314	0.294	0.259	0.232
	1.2	0.367	0.314	0.275	0.259	0.245	0.220	0.205
	1.5	0.294	0.259	0.232	0.221	0.210	0.191	0.176
①	0.3	2.610	1.571	1.121	0.982	0.873	0.715	0.605
	0.6	1.31	0.982	0.786	0.715	0.655	0.562	0.491
	0.9	0.873	0.715	0.605	0.562	0.524	0.463	0.414
	1.2	0.655	0.562	0.491	0.463	0.437	0.393	0.358
	1.5	0.524	0.463	0.414	0.393	0.375	0.342	0.315
②	0.3	4.391	2.640	1.881	1.650	1.472	1.201	1.021
	0.6	2.202	1.650	1.320	1.200	1.100	0.943	0.825
	0.9	1.471	1.206	1.020	0.943	0.884	0.777	0.695
	1.2	1.103	0.943	0.825	0.774	0.734	0.660	0.610
	1.5	0.880	0.771	0.695	0.662	0.629	0.574	0.528
③	0.3	5.021	3.020	2.160	1.890	1.680	1.370	1.160
	0.6	2.520	1.893	1.510	1.376	1.260	1.080	0.945
	0.9	1.683	1.372	1.164	1.080	1.010	0.889	0.796
	1.2	1.267	1.083	0.945	0.889	0.840	0.756	0.687
	1.5	1.016	0.889	0.796	0.756	0.721	0.657	0.605
④	0.3	6.771	4.071	2.910	2.540	2.260	1.850	1.571
	0.6	3.390	2.542	2.044	1.855	1.702	1.460	1.276
	0.9	2.267	1.852	1.570	1.463	1.360	1.217	1.075
	1.2	1.711	1.461	1.270	1.210	1.130	1.028	0.926
	1.5	1.366	1.204	1.071	1.020	0.971	0.886	0.815

管棚Φ/mm×mm	F_s	相对误差/%
无	0.723	—
76×5	1.040	43.8
108×5	1.520	110.2