孤岛工作面覆岩结构演化及区段煤柱稳定性

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0682

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 108-118.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.0682

孤岛工作面覆岩结构演化及区段煤柱稳定性

王虹玉¹^,²(), 程志恒³, 王朋³^,^**(), 陈亮³, 曲晓明⁴, 郭凯⁵

¹ 中国矿业大学(北京) 应急管理与安全工程学院,北京 100083
² 华北科技学院文法学院,河北廊坊 065201
³ 华北科技学院矿山安全学院,河北廊坊 065201
⁴ 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司,辽宁沈阳 113122
⁵ 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京 100083

收稿日期:2024-05-14 修回日期:2024-08-29 出版日期:2024-11-28
通信作者:
** 王朋(1998—),男,贵州毕节人,硕士研究生,主要方向为煤矿灾害防控。E-mail:706849319@qq.com。
作者简介:
王虹玉 (1982—),女,江西婺源人,博士研究生,副教授,主要研究方向为安全管理与技术、安全生产法等。E-mail:whyu@ncist.edu.cn。
程志恒, 副研究员
陈亮, 副研究员
曲晓明, 高级工程师
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074120); 国家自然科学基金青年基金(52204133); 国家自然科学基金青年基金(52104131)

Evolution of overburden structure and stability of coal pillars in isolated island working face

WANG Hongyu¹^,²(), CHENG Zhiheng³, WANG Peng³^,^**(), CHEN Liang³, QU Xiaoming⁴, GUO Kai⁵

¹ School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
² School of Grammar and Law, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang Hebei 065201, China
³ School of Mine Safety, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang Hebei 065201, China
⁴ China Coal Science and Technology Group Shenyang Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenyang Liaoning 113122,China
⁵ School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

Received:2024-05-14 Revised:2024-08-29 Published:2024-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究浅埋煤层孤岛工作面开采时覆岩结构演化及区段煤柱稳定性,以泰华煤矿50104工作面为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场实测相结合的研究手段,分析其两侧区段煤柱承载能力及区段煤柱覆岩结构演化特征;并利用FLAC^3D数值软件,模拟塑性区分布情况以及采动应力演化特征。结果表明:50104工作面推进过程中,东西两侧区段煤柱塑性破坏滞后于工作面推进过程,位于工作面后方采空区处的区段煤柱处于塑性破坏状态,而位于工作面煤壁前方的煤柱存在稳定的弹性区,整体保持稳定,且两侧区段煤柱应力分布呈现相同特征,2条11 m煤柱高应力集中区域保持对称,均位于工作面后方;工作面区段煤柱高应力破坏区域发展速度滞后于工作面推进速度,工作面前方区段煤柱中心区域平均应力值从3.35 MPa增加至3.54 MPa,但始终未超过理论计算得到的煤柱承载强度值;通过分析50104工作面的矿压监测数据,得出实测初撑力均值为 3932.4 kN,占液压支架额定初撑力的55%;平均最大工作阻力5 812.3kN,占额定工作阻力的61.2%;加权平均阻力均值为4 836.6kN/架,占额定工作阻力的50.9%;最大来压6 013 kN,支架应力约2.35 MPa,证明11 m煤柱稳定,位于工作面煤壁前方区段煤柱的整体稳定性较好。

关键词: 孤岛工作面, 覆岩结构, 区段煤柱, 浅埋煤层, 煤柱稳定性, 数值模拟

Abstract:

To investigate the evolution of overburden structure and the stability of district coal pillars during the mining of shallow-buried coal seam island faces, a study was conducted with the 50104 working face of Taihua coal mine as the engineering background. The research employed a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on-site measurement to analyze the load-bearing capacity of the district coal pillars and the characteristics of overburden structure evolution on both sides. The FLAC^3D numerical software was utilized to simulate the distribution of plastic zones and the evolution of mining-induced stress. The results indicate that during the advancement of the 50104 working face, the plastic destruction of the district coal pillars on both sides lagged behind the progress of the working face. The district coal pillars located in the goaf area behind the working face were in a state of plastic destruction, while those in front of the working face coal wall maintained a stable elastic zone, overall remaining stable. Throughout the working face advancement, the stress distribution of the district coal pillars on both sides exhibited the same characteristics, with two 11 m coal pillars showing symmetric high-stress concentration areas, both located behind the working face. The development speed of the high-stress destruction area of the district coal pillars lagged behind the advancement speed of the working face. The average stress value in the central area of the district coal pillars in front of the working face increased from 3.35 MPa to 3.54 MPa, but it never exceeded the coal pillar bearing capacity value calculated theoretically. Analysis of the mine pressure monitoring data from the 50104 working face revealed that the average initial support force was 3 932.4 kN, accounting for 55% of the rated initial support force of hydraulic support. The average maximum working resistance was 5 812.3 kN, representing 61.2% of the rated working resistance. The weighted average resistance was 4 836.6 kN per support, which is 50.9% of the rated working resistance. The maximum pressure was 6 013 kN, with a support stress of about 2.35 MPa, proving the stability of 11 m coal pillars and indicating that the overall stability of the district coal pillars in front of the working face coal wall is relatively good.

Key words: island working face, overlying rock structure, section coal pillar, pillar stability, shallow coal seam, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

X936

王虹玉, 程志恒, 王朋, 陈亮, 曲晓明, 郭凯. 孤岛工作面覆岩结构演化及区段煤柱稳定性[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(11): 108-118.

WANG Hongyu, CHENG Zhiheng, WANG Peng, CHEN Liang, QU Xiaoming, GUO Kai. Evolution of overburden structure and stability of coal pillars in isolated island working face[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(11): 108-118.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表1

图9

图10

图11

图12

表2

50104工作面基本顶来压判据

测站	支架	初撑力/kN			最大工作阻力/kN			加权平均工作阻力/kN
测站	支架	平均值 $P - 0$	均方差 S_po	判据 p'₀= $P - 0$ +S_p₀	平均值 $P - m$	均方差 $S p m$	判据 p'_m= $P - m$ + $S p m$	平均值 $P - t$	均方差 $S p t$	判据 p'_t= $P - t$ + $S p t$
上部测站	31号	4 594.7	872	5 466.7	5 920.8	423	6 343.8	5 275.8	589	5 864.8
上部测站	35号	3 611.5	729.5	4 341	5 870.1	748	6 618.1	4 941.1	939.7	5 880.8
中部测站	18号	4 718.1	716.7	5 434.8	5 808.9	436	6 244.9	4 888.9	765	5 653.8
中部测站	24号	3 824.7	1 166.2	4 990.9	5 409	1 046.3	6 455.3	4 027.3	1 173.5	5 200.8
下部测站	5号	3 468.9	628.1	4 097	5 851.7	750.5	6 602.2	4 795.6	789.2	5 584.8
下部测站	11号	3 376.5	703.8	4 080.3	6 013	496.2	6 509.2	5 090.8	930.8	6 021.6

表2

图13

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序号	岩石名称	层厚/m	密度/(kg·m^-3)	内摩擦角/(°)	黏聚力/MPa	抗拉强度/MPa	弹性模量/GPa
1	黄土	12.00	1 700	18	0.1	0.2	1.2
2	黏土	22.00	1 800	22	0.15	0.5	1.4
3	粉砂岩	4.00	2 350	25	2.75	1.51	19.5
5	砂质泥岩	9.00	2 280	36	2.16	0.75	5.42
6	粉砂岩	10.00	2 350	25	2.75	1.51	19.5
7	细粒砂岩	6.00	2 870	42	3.42	1.29	33.1
8	中粒砂岩	19.28	2 550	37	4.0	1.20	5.99
9	5^-1煤	4.72	1 450	34	1.25	0.19	5.3
10	粉砂岩	3.00	2 350	25	2.75	1.51	19.5

孤岛工作面覆岩结构演化及区段煤柱稳定性

Evolution of overburden structure and stability of coal pillars in isolated island working face

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