啊啊啊TBM法施工排水廊道混合式通风粉尘运移特征

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决排水廊道全断面硬岩隧道掘进机法(TBM)施工过程中粉尘聚集严重,通风除尘效果不显著等问题,以浙江缙云抽水蓄能电站排水廊道施工工程为依托,首先,建立排水廊道三维模型并进行网格划分,通过混合式通风方式,利用数值模拟软件Fluent研究风流和粉尘的运移特征;然后,以除尘风筒、通风风筒距工作面的距离以及双风筒风速抽压比3种通风参数为变量,分别探究上述3种参数对除尘效果的影响,优选出3种通风参数值;最后,取3个优选值作为优选方案进行现场实测,验证该方案除尘效果。结果表明:隧道风流呈现射流区、涡流区以及回流区等不同区域;考虑节能而采用压入式通风(单通风风筒)方式时,粉尘扩散严重;随着除尘风筒和通风风筒距工作面距离的增大,粉尘质量浓度呈现先降低后增长的趋势,且当各自的距离分别为10 和12 m时,除尘效果较为良好;抽压比为2时,除尘效果进一步得到改善,与原有通风方案进行比较,优选方案实现了95%以上的平均降尘率,且工作人员集中区域粉尘质量浓度降至2 mg/m³以下,符合相关标准。

关键词: 隧道掘进机法(TBM), 排水廊道, 混合式通风, 粉尘, 数值模拟

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of serious dust accumulation and insignificant effect of ventilation and dust removal during the construction by full-section hard rock TBM method in the drainage corridor, the construction project of the drainage corridor of Jinyun Pumped Storage Power Station in Zhejiang Province was studied. Firstly, a three-dimensional model of the drainage corridor was established and meshed. Through mixed ventilation, the numerical simulation software Fluent was used to study the migration characteristics of airflow and dust. Then, by taking the three ventilation parameters of the distance between the dust removal air duct and the tunnel face, the distance between the ventilation air duct and the tunnel face, and the wind speed and pumping pressure ratio of the double duct as variables, the influence of the three parameters on the dust removal effect was explored respectively, and the three ventilation parameters were optimized. Finally, three preferred values were taken as the preferred scheme for field measurement to verify the dust removal effect of the scheme. The results show that the tunnel airflow presents different regions such as the jet zone, vortex zone, and recirculation zone. Dust diffusion is serious when forced ventilation (single ventilation duct) is adopted for energy saving. With the increase in the distance between the dust removal air duct and the ventilation air duct from the tunnel face, the dust mass concentration decreases first and then increases, and when the respective distances are 10 m and 12 m, the dust removal effect is better. When the pumping pressure ratio is 2, the dust removal effect is further improved. Compared with the original ventilation scheme, the optimized scheme achieves an average dust reduction rate of more than 95%, and the dust mass concentration in the staff concentration area is reduced to less than 2 mg/m³, which meets the relevant standards.

Key words: tunnel boring machine (TBM) method, drainage corridor, mixed ventilation, dust, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

X936

何少云, 刘孝轩, 吴小林, 王付利, 唐骁. 啊啊啊TBM法施工排水廊道混合式通风粉尘运移特征[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(S1): 72-78.

HE Shaoyun, LIU Xiaoxuan, WU Xiaolin, WANG Fuli, TANG Xiao. Dust migration characteristics of mixed ventilation in drainage corridor constructed by TBM method[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(S1): 72-78.

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粉尘喷射选项及参数	设置状态或参数值
粉尘类型	SiO₂
密度/(kg·m^-3)	2 320
喷射类型	面喷射
质量流率/(kg·s^-1)	0.000 8
平均粒径/m	1×10^-6