中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 202-209.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.09.1543

• 安全技术与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

弱重力运动条件下正庚烷燃烧特征

张茂林(), 黄鑫**(), 赵梦珂   

  1. 中国民航大学 民航热灾害防控与应急重点实验室, 天津 300300
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-12 修回日期:2026-07-20 出版日期:2026-10-20
  • 通信作者:
    ** 黄鑫(1981—),男,江西赣州人,博士,副教授,主要从事火灾燃烧特性及飞机防火技术研究。E-mail: 。
  • 作者简介:

    张茂林 (2001—),男,安徽合肥人,硕士研究生,研究方向为弱重力条件下火焰燃烧特性、火蔓延蔓延特性等。E-mail: 。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金民航联合基金重点项目(U2233202)

Study on combustion characteristics of n-heptane under weak gravity

Zhang Maolin(), Huang Xin**(), Zhao Mengke   

  1. Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Disaster Prevention and Emergency, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
  • Received:2026-05-12 Revised:2026-07-20 Published:2026-10-20

摘要:

为探究飞机起落过程中弱重力运动条件对油池火燃烧的影响,首先,搭建15~45°斜面试验平台,模拟飞机起降复合弱重力工况,搭配不同尺寸方形油池,借助传感器与高速摄像采集加速度、火焰形态、燃料燃烧时长等数据;其次,观察下滑过程火焰变化,划分出火焰稳定、快速倾斜、振荡稳定3个阶段,分析斜面倾角、油池大小对燃料燃烧速率、火焰倾角和高度的影响,理清重力与水平惯性力共同作用下火焰变形、高度下降的内在特征;最后,依托层流滞止层理论做等效简化,分别建立燃烧速率、火焰倾角、火焰高度同重力、水平加速度的定量关联模型。结果表明:下滑状态下正庚烷的燃烧速率要高于静止状态,正庚烷质量损失速率随下滑角度的增大先增大后减小,在25~35°间达到峰值;随着油池尺寸的增加,正庚烷火焰倾角对重力和水平加速度的变化敏感程度上升,而正庚烷火焰高度对重力和水平加速度的敏感程度则变弱。

关键词: 弱重力, 运动条件, 正庚烷, 质量损失速率, 火焰高度, 火焰倾角

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of weak gravitational motion conditions on pool fire combustion during aircraft takeoff and landing, an inclined test platform with inclination angles ranging from 15° to 45° was first built to simulate the composite weak gravity conditions of aircraft takeoff and landing. Square fuel pools of different sizes were adopted, and sensors and high-speed cameras were used to collect data including acceleration, flame morphology and fuel burning duration. Next, the flame evolution during the sliding process was observed, and three stages were identified: initial stable stage, rapid tilting stage and oscillatory stabilization stage. The influences of inclined angle and pool size on fuel burning rate, flame tilt angle and flame height were analyzed, and the internal mechanism of flame deflection and height reduction under the combined effect of gravity and horizontal inertial force was clarified. Finally, equivalent simplification was carried out based on the laminar stagnation layer theory, and quantitative correlation models between burning rate, flame tilt angle, flame height and gravity as well as horizontal acceleration were established, respectively. The results show that the burning rate of n-heptane under sliding conditions is higher than that under static conditions. The mass loss rate of n-heptane increases first and then decreases with the rise of sliding angle, reaching its peak at 25-35°. As the pool size increases, the sensitivity of n-heptane flame tilt angle to variations in gravity and horizontal acceleration rises, while the sensitivity of flame height to such variations declines.

Key words: weak gravity, motion condition, n-heptare, mass loss rate, flame height, flame inclination angle

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