中国安全科学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 144-151.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.10.020

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于蚁群算法的商业步行街应急疏散决策优化*

姜雪, 杨欢, 张培红 教授   

  1. 东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-06 修回日期:2021-09-05 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2022-04-28
  • 作者简介:姜 雪 (1996—),女,黑龙江绥滨人,硕士研究生,研究方向为事故应急疏散与决策优化。E-mail: 1901081@stu.neu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804900)。

Emergency evacuation decision optimization for commercial pedestrian streets based on ant colony algorithm

JIANG Xue, YANG Huan, ZHANG Peihong   

  1. College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
  • Received:2021-07-06 Revised:2021-09-05 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2022-04-28

摘要: 为分析基于决策优化的应急疏散方案引导下,商业步行街发生突发事件时大规模人群应急疏散的安全性,以某商业步行街为例,利用改进的自适应蚁群算法,进行疏散决策优化和疏散方案的优化设计;结合Pathfinder软件对基于优化疏散方案的人员疏散行为进行数值模拟,对比分析决策优化前后商业步行街大规模人群疏散的效率和安全性。结果表明:基于优化疏散方案对大规模人群进行疏散,在无火灾环境下疏散效率提高了8.86%;在火灾环境下疏散效率提高了6.57%。基于大规模应急疏散决策优化的应急疏散方案可有效缓解部分安全出口的人员群集滞留状况,实现应急疏散决策的全局优化。

关键词: 商业步行街, 应急疏散, 决策优化, 自适应蚁群算法, Pathfinder软件

Abstract: In order to analyze safety of large-scale crowd emergency evacuation under guidance of emergency evacuation plan based on decision optimization in commercial pedestrian street. Taking a commercial pedestrian street as an example, the improved adaptive ant colony algorithm was used to optimize the evacuation decision-making and the optimal design of evacuation plan. Combined with Pathfinder software, the personnel evacuation behavior based on optimized evacuation plan was simulated numerically, and the efficiency and safety of large-scale crowd evacuation in commercial pedestrian streets before and after decision optimization were compared and analyzed. The results show that the evacuation efficiency of large-scale crowd induced based on the optimized evacuation plan can be improved by 8.86% in a fire-free environment. The evacuation efficiency in the fire environment increased by 6.57%. The decision-making optimization of large-scale emergency evacuation effectively alleviates the situation of personnel cluster retention at some safety exits,the integral decision-making optimization of emergency evacuation is realized.

Key words: commercial pedestrian street, emergency evacuation, decision-making optimization, adaptive ant colony algorithm, Pathfinder software

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