中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 201-206.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.10.0818

• 应急技术与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

飞机客舱应急疏散的修正社会力模型

杨永刚1(), 王璟璟2, 宋炜2   

  1. 1 中国民航大学 交通科学与工程学院,天津 300300
    2 中国民航大学 航空工程学院,天津 300300
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-26 修回日期:2022-08-11 出版日期:2022-10-28 发布日期:2023-04-28
  • 作者简介:

    杨永刚 (1978—),男,吉林梨树人,博士,教授,主要从事飞机应急疏散方法、机场驱鸟仿生扑翼机方面的研究。E-mail:

Modified social force model for aircraft cabin emergency evacuation

YANG Yonggang1(), WANG Jingjing2, SONG Wei2   

  1. 1 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300,China
    2 School of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300,China
  • Received:2022-04-26 Revised:2022-08-11 Online:2022-10-28 Published:2023-04-28

摘要:

为准确地评估乘客在疏散过程中的运动状态和疏散效率,使社会力模型适用于飞机客舱封闭、座椅密集的应急疏散环境,模拟乘客疏散过程中的转向与避让行为,提出基于飞机客舱的修正社会力模型;引入转向因子与避让因子,利用其加权平均后,得出综合因子用以修正乘客的疏散速度,改进社会力模型运动-力学动态方程;对修正社会力模型的关键参量进行理论数值分析,得出修正范围;以某机型局部客舱为例,建立9×6座、单通道的仿真试验模拟客舱环境,应用修正疏散模型进行仿真试验,并对比仿真结果与试验数据。结果表明:仿真疏散时间与试验疏散时间具有较好的一致性,所提出的修正社会力模型为预判原则、主观心理、运动状态以及受力状态4个因素的连续性模型,可以较好地凸显在飞机客舱应急疏散应用中优越性。

关键词: 飞机客舱, 应急疏散, 修正社会力模型, 转向因子, 避让因子

Abstract:

In order to accurately evaluate the movement state and evacuation efficiency of passengers in the process of evacuation, make the social force model applicable to the emergency evacuation environment with closed aircraft cabin and dense seats, and simulate the steering and avoidance behavior of passengers in the process of evacuation, a modified social force model based on the aircraft cabin was proposed. This model introduced the steering factor and the avoidance factor, and obtained the comprehensive factor after the weighted average to correct the evacuation speed of passengers. The kinematic-mechanics dynamic equation of the social force model was improved. The correction range was obtained by the theoretical numerical analysis to the key parameters of the modified social force model. Taking a partial cabin of a certain plane as an example, a simulation experiment with 9×6 seats and a single channel was established to simulate the cabin environment. The results show that the simulated evacuation time is consistent with the experimental evacuation time, and the modified social force model is a continuous model of four factors, namely the prediction principle, subjective psychology, movement state and stress state, which can highlight its superiority in the application of emergency evacuation in aircraft cabin.

Key words: aircraft cabin, emergency evacuation, modified social force model, steering factor, avoidance factor