Abstract: In order to effectively prevent and reduce the risk loss of Chinese enterprises' participating in construction of one belt one road, overseas safety risk evaluation index system from three dimensions of politics, economy and society was built. Thirty countries along "One Belt One Road" were taken as examples, and principal component method and objective weighting method were used to identify and evaluate overseas safety risk. The results show that overseas safety risk of Chinese enterprises' participating in construction of "One Belt One Road" is basically in a medium and low level. Among them, Singapore and Czech Republic belong to low-risk countries. Other 18 countries including Poland, Malaysia and Israel are in a relatively low-risk level. Eight countries including Belarus, Philippines and Kyrgyzstan belong to medium-risk ones. Ukraine and Iraq are in a relatively high-risk state. From the perspective of economic development level, developed economies generally present a lower risk level. From the perspective of investment region, Southeast Asian countries are generally suitable for investment and Kazakhstan is most suitable for investment in Central Asia. In terms of risk factors, war, debt level and relations with China are important factors affecting the risk level.

Key words: Chinese enterprises, One Belt One Road, overseas safety risk, political risk, economic risk, social risk