Abstract: In order to identify direct causes of electrical fire accidents in buildings, 40 typical fire accidents were analyzed by using "2-4" model, and classification and statistical analysis were conducted on unsafe acts and unsafe conditions of direct causes. Then, unsafe actions were analyzed from on six aspects, including fire source, fire development, safety management and personnel allocation, self-rescue, rescue and fire extinguishing. And frequency of unsafe acts, human violation, frequency of actors and unsafe conditions, proportion of all kinds of unsafe conditions and other data were obtained. The results show that there are 412 items of unsafe acts, which fall into 35 categories, and among them, acts of improper fire extinguishing measures, illegal storage and use of flammable, explosive and combustible goods and lack of fire safety training are in top 3 in terms of frequency. There are 127 items of unsafe conditions from 3 categories, among which polystyrene foam and other flammable and combustible materials and short circuit in electrical circuit have higher frequency.

Key words: building electrical fire accident, “2-4”model, direct causes, unsafe acts, unsafe conditions