Visual load in threshold zone of highway tunnel based on Topsis improved factor analysis method

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.0039

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the visual load of drivers at the threshold zone of linear highway tunnels, five visual indicators of drivers were collected through the real vehicle test. A visual load evaluation model was developed by the Topsis improved factor analysis method, the visual load at different times and locations was analyzed, the evaluation criteria of driving comfort were proposed based on the constructed visual load curve, the generalization ability of the constructed load model was verified by using published data, and finally, the influence of visual indicators on visual load was investigated by sensitivity analysis. The results show that when the driver locates about -13 m to 55 m (12:00) and -10 m to 49 m (15:00) from the entrance, the visual load exceeds the boundary value (0.906), indicating the driver's driving comfort and safety is extremely low. The visual load and closeness of the drivers near the entrance are much greater than those inside and outside the entrance, and the visual load and closeness at 18:00 are much lower than those at 12:00 and 15:00. The sensitivity parameters of the visual indicators are fixation duration, pupil area, fixation time, saccade range, saccade speed in descending order.

Key words: Topsis improved factor analysis, threshold zone of highway tunnel, visual load, traffic safety, visual indicators

CLC Number:

X910安全人体学

LIANG Bo, QIN Can, NIU Jia'an, XIAO Jinghang, WEN Sen. Visual load in threshold zone of highway tunnel based on Topsis improved factor analysis method[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(1): 77-84.

Figures/Tables 10

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KMO检验	Bartelett球形检验
KMO值	近似卡方	自由度	显著性p值
0.788	187.037	10	0.00

标准化变量	公因子方差		因子载荷矩阵		因子得分系数矩阵
标准化变量	初始	提取	公因子F₁	公因子F₂	公因子F₁	公因子F₂
注视时间Z₁	1	0.847	0.92	0.017	-0.267	0.095
注视次数Z₂	1	0.964	0.98	0.056	0.278	-0.027
扫视幅度Z₃	1	0.998	0.063	0.997	-0.066	0.997
扫视速度Z₄	1	0.883	0.933	0.11	0.26	0.032
瞳孔面积Z₅	1	0.883	0.934	0.1	0.261	0.022

成分	初始特征值			提取载荷平方比			旋转载荷平方比
成分	总计	方差/%	累计/%	总计	方差/%	累计/%	总计	方差/%	累计/%
1	3.59	71.8	71.8	3.59	71.8	71.8	3.55	71.11	71.11
2	0.98	19.7	91.49	0.98	19.7	91.49	1.01	20.39	91.5
3	0.2	4.15	95.65	—	—	—	—	—	—
4	0.17	3.56	99.21	—	—	—	—	—	—
5	0.03	0.79	100	—	—	—	—	—	—

区段	分类	接近度	排名
时间区段	12:00	0.514 9	1
	15:00	0.493 2	2
	12:00	0.321 3	3
位置区段	洞外	0.478 7	3
	洞口	0.626 1	1
	洞内	0.533 1	2