Improved social force model based on analysis of pedestrian panic emotion

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.1277

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to deeply analyze the influence of pedestrian panic on the efficiency of group evacuation under emergencies, this paper analyzed and constructed a quantitative model of pedestrian panic, which was composed of two parts: self-panic and panic propagation. First, the model considered factors such as detention time, local density, the distance between pedestrians and exits, the density of people around and the spread of pedestrian panic. Then it was introduced into the social force model for improvement and optimization, and verified the validity by comparing with the classical phenomenon. Finally, the simulation analysis was carried out using Anylogic software. The results show that the improved model can better reflect the evacuation movement characteristics of pedestrians in panic situations. A moderate panic, such as when the panic degree is less than 0.3, can accelerate the evacuation speed of the crowd. A high panic, such as when the panic value is greater than 0.3, can exacerbate the bottleneck phenomenon, and the so-called "fast is slow" phenomenon occurs, thus reducing the evacuation efficiency.

Key words: pedestrian panic, social force model, crowd evacuation, Anylogic, "Fast is slow"

CLC Number:

X915.2安全社会学

DENG Shejun, YU Yuhao, ZHANG Junlin, ZHANG Chao, QIAN Fuyu, YU Shijun. Improved social force model based on analysis of pedestrian panic emotion[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(2): 45-52.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

References 15

[1]	王莉, 刘致君. 考虑恐慌情绪感染的 CA疏散模型算法研究[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2023, 23(4): 1225-1230.
	WANG Li, LIU Zhijun. Research on CA evacuation model algorithm considering panic infection[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2023, 23(4): 1225-1230.
[2]	TAN V, AU C K. Simulation of herding behaviour in panic evacuation from a room with two exits[J]. International Journal ofthe Digital Human, 2016, 1(3): 295-304.
[3]	HELBING D, MOLNAR P. Social force model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics, 1995, 51(5): 4282-4286.
[4]	LÖHNER R. On the modeling of pedestrian motion[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 2010, 34(2): 366-382. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2009.04.017
[5]	KIRCHNER A, SCHADHCHNEIDER A. Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2002, 312(1): 260-276. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)00857-9
[6]	李昌华, 何海彤, 李智杰, 等. 烟雾场景下的人员疏散仿真研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(4):86-92. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.04.014
	LI Changhua, HE Haitong, LI Zhijie, et al. Simulation of personnel evacuation in smoke scenario[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(4): 86-92. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.04.014
[7]	王冠宁, 陈涛, 郑晖杰, 等. 考虑恐慌情绪和沿墙引导的行人疏散模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(9): 111-117. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.09.2675
	WANG Guanning, CHEN Tao, ZHENG Huijie, et al. Pedestrian evacuation model considering panic and wall-following guidance[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(9): 111-117. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.09.2675
[8]	陈长坤, 童蕴贺. 基于元胞自动机恐慌状态下人群疏散模型研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术, 2019, 15(6):12-17.
	CHEN Changkun, TONG Yunhe. Study on crowd evacuation model under panic state based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2022, 32(9): 111-117.
[9]	王梦思, 张桂娟, 刘弘. 面向人群疏散仿真的异构情绪感染模型[J]. 计算机科学, 2019, 46(3):287-297. doi: 10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.03.043
	WANG Mengsi, ZHANG Guijuan, LIU Hong. Heterogenous emotional contagion model for crowd evacuation simulation[J]. Computer Science, 2019, 46(3): 287-297. doi: 10.11896/j.issn.1002-137X.2019.03.043
[10]	曹雷, 王琳. 基于改进社会力模型的人群疏散研究[J]. 系统科学与数学, 2016, 36(9):1434-1447. doi: 10.12341/jssms12898
	CAO Lei, WANG Lin. Study of pedestrian evacuation based on modified social force model[J]. Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences, 2016, 36(9): 1434-1447. doi: 10.12341/jssms12898
[11]	李佳洋, 唐加福, 郭恩铭. 基于动态情绪驱动的人员应急疏散模型[J]. 东北大学学报:自然科学版, 2021, 42(11):1656-1662.
	LI Jiayang, TANG Jiafu, GUO Enming. Crowd emergency evacuation model based on dynamic emotion drive[J]. Journal of Northeastern University: Natural Science, 2021, 42(11): 1656-1662.
[12]	KHOLSHEVNIKOV V V, SHIELDS T J, BOYCE K E, et al. Recent developments in pedestrian flow theory and research in Russia[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2008, 43(2): 108-118. doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.05.005
[13]	李芳. 基于多智能体的地铁站台乘客紧急疏散模型[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2015.
	LI Fang. Multi-agent-based modeling for passenger emergency evacuation from metro platforms[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2015.
[14]	LEIJONMARCK E, OLERGÅRD T. Modelling of panicking pedestrians during emergency evacuation[D]. London: Royal Institute of Technology, 2013.
[15]	罗茜. 人员疏散的社会力修正模型及其仿真研究[D]. 北京: 首都经济贸易大学, 2010.
	LUO Qian. Social force modification model for people evacuation and its simulation study[D]. Beijing: Capital University of Economics and Business, 2010.