Abstract:

To enhance operational efficiency and ensure flight safety, a multi-objective flight slot optimization model was developed by comprehensively considering the requirements of airlines, air traffic control authorities, slot coordination authorities, and airports, subject to airport capacity, terminal waypoint capacity, and safety requirements. The model aimed to achieve balanced and efficient slot allocation within airport clusters, and its effectiveness was validated using actual flight data from Beijing Capital International Airport, Beijing Daxing International Airport, and Tianjin Binhai International Airport in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei airport cluster. The results show that the optimized slot distribution becomes more balanced, with peak-hour flight numbers reduced by 7%, the average adjustment per airline decreased by 18.2%, and the total adjustment across the airport cluster reduced by 10.4%. At Beijing Capital Airport, capacity utilization efficiency during peak hours is improved, with redundancy increasing from 2.9% to 8.3%. At Beijing Daxing Airport, slot distribution becomes more balanced, with redundancy increasing from 1.6% to 6.5%. At Tianjin Binhai Airport, the optimized flight volume is maintained within capacity limits, improving safety margins, with redundancy rising from -13.9% to 8.3%. The model effectively enables the rational allocation of flight schedules, significantly enhancing operational safety and resource utilization efficiency.

Key words: stakeholders, airport group, flight slot optimization, airport capacity, terminal waypoint, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, operational safety