Analysis of behavioral characteristics and safety of left-turning non-motorized vehicles at signalized intersections

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.07.1629

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the behavioral characteristics of left-turning non-motorized vehicles under signalized intersections and the influence of various factors on the safety of left-turning non-motorized vehicles, firstly, video data from three signalized intersections in Wuhan were collected. Left-turning non-motorized vehicles motion information and traffic conflict data were extracted by using Tracker software. Then, the variability of three different left-turning modes was analyzed from the distribution of non-motorized vehicle trajectories, speeds, and accelerations. Based on the extracted traffic conflict indicators post-encroachment time (PET) and conflict equivalent speed (V), the traffic conflict severity was classified into 3 categories by using the K-means clustering algorithm. Finally, 10 potential influencing factors were selected as variables from vehicle, road and environmental characteristics to construct an Ordered Probit model to find out the significant influences of the left-turning non-motorized vehicle traffic conflict severity factors. The influence degree of each significant factor was quantitatively analyzed by marginal effect. The results of the study show that: there are large differences in the behavioral characteristics of non-motorized vehicles in three different left-turning modes. The non-motorized vehicle left-turning mode, left-turning period, motorized vehicle motion direction, motorized vehicle type, non-motorized vehicle type, vehicle passing order, and the left-to-straight ratio are the significant factors for the severity of the traffic conflict. Among them, the factor with the greatest positive influence on the severity of the conflict is the late green phase (marginal effect 9.81%). The factor with the greatest negative influence is counterclockwise second crossing (marginal effect -17.41%).

Key words: signalized intersections, left-turning non-motorized vehicles, behavioral characteristics, safety, traffic conflicts, marginal effects

CLC Number:

X951交通运输安全

Li Tao, Zhang Cunbao, Fu Dingjun, Gao Tianhao, Zhang Mengyan. Analysis of behavioral characteristics and safety of left-turning non-motorized vehicles at signalized intersections[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(7): 225-233.

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左转方式组合	统计量F值	P值
直接左转与顺时针二次过街	142.97	0.00
直接左转与逆时针二次过街	65.09	0.00
顺时针二次过街与逆时针二次过街	27.54	0.00

左转方式组合	统计量F值	P值
直接左转与顺时针二次过街	18.22	0.00
直接左转与逆时针二次过街	40.99	0.00
顺时针二次过街与逆时针二次过街	4.38	0.04

左转方式	潜在冲突/次	一般冲突/次	严重冲突/次	总计	个体平均冲突数/ (次/辆)
直接左转	34	83	89	206	0.95
顺时针二次过街	67	133	88	288	0.84
逆时针二次过街	57	47	32	136	0.77
总计	158	263	209	630	—

变量名称	变量类型	编码及描述	频数	占比/ %
左转时期	分类变量	0:绿灯前期(最初5 s)	265	42.1
		1:绿灯中期	206	32.7
		2:绿灯后期(最后5 s)	159	25.2
机动车运动方向	分类变量	0:直行	222	35.2
		1:左转	248	39.4
		2:右转	160	25.4
左直比	连续变量	左转非机动车与直行机动车流量之比	—	—
左左比	连续变量	左转非机动车与左转机动车流量之比	—	—
左右比	连续变量	左转非机动车与右转机动车流量之比	—	—
机动车类型	分类变量	0:小汽车	593	94.1
机动车类型	分类变量	1:公交车	37	5.9
交通冲突类型	分类变量	0:追尾冲突	109	17.3
		1:侧面冲突	295	46.8
		2:正面冲突	226	35.9
非机动车类型	分类变量	0:电动自行车	591	93.8
非机动车类型	分类变量	1:人力自行车	39	6.2
机非通过情况	分类变量	0:机动车先通过冲突点	378	60
机非通过情况	分类变量	1:非机动车先通过冲突点	252	40
非机动车左转方式	分类变量	0:直接左转	206	32.7
		1:顺时针二次过街	288	45.7
		2:逆时针二次过街	136	21.6

变量	参数估计	取值	P值	边际值/%
变量	参数估计	取值	P值	潜在冲突	一般冲突	严重冲突
左转方式	-0.268	顺时针二次过街	0.030	7.81	1.14	-8.95
左转方式	-0.522	逆时针二次过街	<0.01	15.19	2.22	-17.41
左转时期	0.294	绿灯后期	0.015	-8.56	-1.25	9.81
机动车运动方向	-0.286	左转	0.019	8.32	1.22	-9.53
机动车类型	-0.458	公交车	0.021	13.32	1.95	-15.27
非机动车类型	-0.405	自行车	0.034	11.77	1.72	-13.51
机非通过情况	-0.365	非机动车先通过冲突点	<0.01	10.63	1.55	-12.18
左直比	-0.066	—	0.019	1.93	0.28	-2.21
λ₁	-1.286	—	—	—	—	—
λ₂	-0.081	—	—	—	—	—