Abstract:

In order to clarify the reform and development logic of the regional emergency management system of railway passenger stations from the perspective of a long period, taking Beijing railway passenger station area as an example, the reform and development process of its emergency management system in the past 20 years were retrospectively reviewed, and the characteristics and changes of related problems before and after the reform in 2019 were emphatically analyzed, and the common characteristics and trends behind the reform and optimization of the emergency system of railway passenger station area were revealed. The research found that despite the reform of separating government from enterprise in 2013, there are still some deep-seated institutional problems, such as the reversed location of the railway and local government, and decentralized territorial administration; Beijing's reform in 2019 solved some of the problems. However, the "5.1" large-scale passenger detention incident at Beijing West Railway Station in 2021 highlighted the problems at the emergency mechanism level under the new system, such as the narrow buffer space of the station area, the imperfect monitoring and early-warning mechanism, the lack of early handling capacity, and the inherent lack of coordination of municipal power. Based on the practice and experience of Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and other places, it proves to be the main logic of the reform and development of an emergency management system of the railway passenger station area to dynamically track and solve the contradictions between railway and the territory, the comprehensive management organization of station area established by the municipal government and the specific administrative region to which the station belongs. It is the development trend of the emergency management system of the passenger station area to establish a unified comprehensive emergency management organization characterized comprehensive coordination, territorial dependency and railway cooperation, and the core task of emergency management system construction is to improve the ability of overall planning, coordination and command.

Key words: railway passenger station area, emergency management system, reform and development logic, emergency system, emergency mechanism