Study on regional ventilation and smoke exhaust mode of subway parking line

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.07.1083

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to analyze the fire smoke diffusion characteristics and optimal ventilation strategy in parking line areas under the interaction of complex structures and multiple ventilation systems, full-scale experiments and computer modeling were carried out on a parking line area in Guangzhou. Firstly, the smoke diffusion characteristics were acquired with a full-scale experiment. The airflow velocity was also measured during the experiment with various ventilation modes. Then, the smoke control performance of different ventilation modes was analyzed with numerical simulation. The impact of ventilation volume on smoke diffusion was discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: In the natural ventilation scenario, fire smoke would spread to the interval tunnel and siding area within 180 s after a fire. The use of tunnel ventilation fans could slow down the diffusion and settlement of smoke. But the longitudinal velocity is smaller than the critical velocity, which could not stop the smoke from spreading outside. The best smoke control performance is achieved by using a tunnel ventilation fan to exhaust smoke and an interval jet fan to supply air to the parking line. It is recommended to adopt the design of tunnel ventilation fans with 2 units of 60 m³/s air volume and jet fans with 2 units of 30 m³/s air volume to control the smoke diffusion and improve evacuation safety in the parking line, interval tunnel and siding area at the same time. The results can be used to guide the selection of fan parameters and the design of ventilation strategy in other parking line areas, which support improving the safety level of parking lines.

Key words: metro, parking line, mechanical ventilation, full-scale experiment, numerical simulation, fire

QIU Peiyun, CHEN Junfeng, CHENG Huihang, LONG Zeng, ZHONG Maohua. Study on regional ventilation and smoke exhaust mode of subway parking line[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(7): 156-163.

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工况编号	油盆数量	火源热释放速率/MW	通风模式	初始温度/℃	环境湿度/%
试验1	2	0.5	隧道风机排烟	27	93
试验2	3	0.75	隧道风机排烟	28.6	92
试验3	1	0.25	隧道风机排烟	27.4	86
试验4	3	0.75	自然通风	27.7	88

编号	场景属性	火源规模/MW	通风模式	隧道风机风量/(m³·s^-1)	射流风机风量/(m³·s^-1)
1	可靠性验证	0.75	隧道风机排烟	60	—
2	可靠性验证	0.75	自然通风	—	—
3	最佳排烟模式分析	7.5	隧道风机排烟+射流风机送风	60	10×2
4		7.5	隧道风机排烟 +射流风机排烟	60	10×2
5		7.5	隧道风机排烟	60	—
6		7.5	自然通风	—	—
7~13	临界排烟风量分析	7.5	最佳通风模式	60, 90, 120, 150, 180	10×2
14~19	临界排烟风量分析	7.5	最佳通风模式	烟气控制最佳风量	10×2, 20×2, 30×2