Equivalent permeation aperture identification method for geomembranes based on seepage-sensing structure

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.02.0588

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the seepage monitoring level of pumped storage reservoirs, a discrimination method was proposed for seepage caused by geomembrane aperture damage, based on a seepage-sensing structure and the concept of an equivalent seepage aperture. First, the temperature rise difference between dry and wet conditions was acquired through active heating, and a logarithmic linear fit was performed after normalizing the temperature rise difference with respect to the seepage velocity. Then, a linear fit was established between the seepage velocity and the equivalent seepage aperture. The seepage condition was inferred based on field calibration tests combined with the characteristics of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) curve. Finally, laboratory tests were conducted for validation. The results show that the goodness-of-fit (R²) between differential temperature and the equivalent seepage aperture exceeds 0.96, and the relative error of seepage velocity is below 5%. 86% of the residuals between experimental and simulated temperature rise values fall within ±1℃, and the relative error of seepage velocity also remains below 5%, demonstrating the reliability of the simulations.

Key words: geomembrane, seepage aperture, seepage-sensing structure, seepage identification, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

X948

JIN Chenchen, DING Yong, LI Denghua. Equivalent permeation aperture identification method for geomembranes based on seepage-sensing structure[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(2): 145-152.

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破坏形式	工况	渗流孔径/mm	渗流孔数量	d_e/ mm
单孔渗流	1	1	1	1
	2	3	1	3
	3	5	1	5
	4	7	1	7
	5	15	1	15
集中多孔渗流	6	1	225	15
	7	3	25	15
	8	5	9	15
分散多孔渗流	9	1	225	1
	10	3	25	3
	11	5	9	5
干砂	12	—	—	—

材料	导热系数/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	恒压比热容/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	密度/(kg·m^-3)	孔隙率	渗透率/m²
砂土	—	920	1 600	0.4	1×10^-10
加热导线	400	385	8 960	—	—

方案	最大单元/mm	最小单元/mm
1	240	1
2	120	0.8
3	60	0.4
4	30	0.1
5	20	0.05

集中多孔渗流				分散多孔渗流
工况	R²	MSE/℃	RE/%	工况	R²	MSE/℃	RE/%
6	0.963	1.232	3.722	9	0.989	0.135	1.931
7	0.970	0.585	3.318	10	0.992	0.133	1.718
8	0.999	0.005	0.293	11	0.999	0.003	0.253

集中多孔渗流		分散多孔渗流
工况	RE/%	工况	RE/%
6	3.944	9	4.890
7	2.523	10	1.539
8	1.039	11	4.417