Abstract:

The surge of urban underground substations has brought new challenges to public fire safety. The paper first summarized the key distinctions of underground substations compared with above-ground substations, analyzing risks including evacuation difficulties, limited access routes, lack of natural lighting, difficulty in smoke ventilation, location below the water level, poor communication signals, and obstructed fire passages, along with the main manifestations of these risks. Next, according to the current fire protection laws, regulations, standards, specifications, and guidelines, the paper analyzed fire risks related to fire safety management from three perspectives: the person responsible for fire safety, the fire safety manager, and the maintenance service provider. Fire risks related to fire safety facilities were analyzed from the aspects of fire zoning, fire prevention measures, automatic fire alarm systems, and automatic fire extinguishing systems. Finally, the paper proposed measures to enhance safety management capabilities, building fire resistance, fire safety facilities, fire rescue capabilities, and other factors. The results indicate that fire accidents in underground substations can be prevented and fire risks can be brought under control. The professional development of fire risk prevention and control across stages such as prevention and preparations, emergency monitoring and early warning, and emergency response and rescue is moving steadily from human-based and technology-based prevention to intelligent prevention systems.

Key words: underground substation, fire risk, response measure, fire extinguishing system, fire safety