Abstract:

A systematic analysis is conducted on the ignition sensitivity, explosion kinetics, and oxidation mechanisms of syngas, as well as advances in inerting and explosion suppression technologies, based on two decades of global research findings.The variations in key ignition parameters (explosion limits, minimum ignition energy (MIE), and ignition delay time (IDT)) are explored to clarify the impacts of hydrogen fraction, temperature, pressure, and turbulence on syngas ignition performance. Corresponding explosion behaviors, including explosion pressure, pressure rise rate, laminar burning velocity, and flame propagation, are investigated to reveal the effects of component ratio, boundary conditions, and spatial structure on explosion kinetics. The dominant H₂/CO oxidation pathways and critical free radical reactions are summarized to clarify the correlation between microscopic mechanisms and macroscopic explosion characteristics under multi-factor coupling. N₂/CO₂ inerting, water mist, chemical suppressants, and composite suppression technologies are also reviewed, and their technical characteristics and applicable conditions are compared. The results show that higher hydrogen content enhances syngas reactivity and explosion risks. CO₂ presents better inerting performance than N₂, and composite suppression systems realize optimal explosion mitigation through multi-mechanism synergy.Existing studies have limitations in multi-factor coupling mechanism cognition, unified evaluation criteria, model universality, and engineering-scale validation. Future research should focus on multi-field coupling analysis under complex conditions, establish standardized evaluation systems, and promote the intelligent and engineering application of syngas explosion prevention technologies.

Key words: syngas, combustion-explosion characteristics, inerting, explosion suppression, flammability limits, explosion pressure, flame propagation