China Safety Science Journal

Amending of "Safety Science and Technology" as the First Grade Discipline

2009, 19(11): 5.

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The establishment of "safety science and technology" as the first grade discipline in the national standard classification and code of disciplines,which took five years,Was introduced,the implementation and practice situation of this standard in the sixteen years after its being promulgated was briefed.On the basis of the discussions and argumentations of multi-parties in recent three years,an amendment about the system of "safety science and technology" as the first grade discipline Was made again in May 2009.This amendment made clearer the titles,arrangement and affiliation of the sub-disciplines of "safety science and technology",and added several second-grade and third-grade disciplines,which makes the discipline contents of"safety science and technology"broader,more systematic and complete.The promulgation and implementation of the new national standard classification and code of disciplines (namely,GB/T13745-2009 instead of GB/T13745-1992)would make the status of "safety science and technology" as the first grade discipline more consolidating,developing and perfecting in Chinag science and edueational sector.

Study on Habitat Environmental Security around Mines: with Tanjiashan Coal Mine as an Example

2009, 19(11): 12.

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On the basis of the investigation and research of the geological environmental damage,environmental pollution in Tanjiashan Coalmine,the habitat environmental security problems,resulting from ground subsidence and cracks,mining-induced earthquakes,slope instability and landslides,land destruction around mine,atmospheric pollution,water pollution and soil pollution,are discussed.It is proposed that the construction of the habitat around coal mines not only follow the general construction principies,but also take special constructing techniques against the threatening of each specific disaster to the habitat security.The improvement of the habitat environmental security around mines and the relief of the influence of adverse environmental factors around coal mines on habitat environment security can be achieved through the construction on such aspects as function environment,environmental-protection environment,security environment and human environment,etc.

Research on Defects of "Trinity" Principle from Revised Draft of "Regulation on Work-related Injury Insurances"

2009, 19(11): 18.

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In view of the disjointed phenomenon of the planned accident reporting regulation of revised draft of Regulation on Work-related Injury Insurances and present Regulation on Accident Reporting and Investigation & Handling of Work Safety.the malpractice and influence of multiple leadership on safety management,accident,occupational disease prevention and work-related injury insurances are analyzed.By referring to the overseas practice,especially Japan,it is proposed that the key of accident management mechanism on"Accident Prevention-Accident Compensation-Injury Recovery",first and foremost,is to straighten out management mechanism,scientifically and reasonably limit the function and jurisdiction of administration as soon as possible.

Study on Reform and Improvement of Legal System of Work Safety(Ⅱ)

2009, 19(11): 25.

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The current safety system prescribed by work safety law plays a crucial role in maintaining a new order of safety and reversing the long-term passive safety situation.But,due to the rapid development of new situation,some aspects in the work safety law should be reformed and improved.The emphasis are put on six points,including detection and inspection system for safety equipment,license system for safety production,education and training system,evaluation system for safety conditions,quality standardization construction for work safety,and procedures for safety accident investigation.The core is to implement a hierarchical classification system of license,implement a combination of safety training with production training,implement a occupational qualification system for the directors of coalmines and special work staff,change safety assessment system into appraisal system by governments,mobilize the positivity of enterprises to conduct inspection and monitoring for sofety equipment,and establish a forced system of constituting accident investigation group.

Research on Social Assessment for Work Safety Investment Based on Stakeholder Analysis

2009, 19(11): 32.

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In the assessment model that is based on stakeholder analysis,the subjects,tasks and principles for work safety investment stakeholder analysis are put forward.By analyzing the distribution of cost and benefits of each stakeholder,the objective,way of benefit adjustment among stakeholders,as well as policy suggestions,were pointed out.This research not only consummates the assessment system for work safety investment,but also provides foundation for the making of economic policy on work safety and the solving of lacking in work safety investment and investing motivation.

Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of Safety Culture in Coal Mining Enterprises

2009, 19(11): 37.

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Safety conception is the core of safety culture in coal mining enterprises.Safety system,safety behavior and safety equipment and materials all mutually revolve around safety conception.The effects of employeeg's need for safety,safety awareness,sense of social safety value,communication systems,social safety need,education and training systems,safety accidents,industrial characteristics,national safety laws and regulations,management participation,incentive systems,organizational commitment,productivity levels and socio-economic culture on the safety culture in mining enterprises are studied.It shows that all the factors except employee empowerment cause a certain influence on the safety culture in mining enterprises.Finally,appropriate suggestions for good safety culture cultivation are presented.

Safety Input Decision-making Based on Theory of "Rheology-mutation"

2009, 19(11): 46.

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Analysis on the effect of safety input in coalmines with theory of "Rheology-Mutation" shows that the effect of safety input also takes on a characteristic of "Rheology-Mutation" with time going by.Therefore,safety input should be a continuous,ongoing job,not just be a one once for all in the initial stage.What's more,the subsequent safety input should be put in an optimal period of time when unsafe conditions is worsening;the input time can not exceed the warning point of safety mutation at the latest.Only this can the safety rheological period be prolonged.and thus the utility of safety input can be brought into a full play;the inconsistency between the need for safety input in coalmines and the lack of safety input can be alleviated.

Game Analysis on Security Control under Uncertain Probability

2009, 19(11): 52.

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Game theory model between construction enterprise and construction worker under uncertain probability is founded to study the construction safety control.The relation between safety behavior and economic parameters is discussed.Analysis on this model shows that the safety behaviors of construction enterprise and workers are affected by many factors,such as the assessment of safety probability,the profits,the cost of security control,the accident loss and compensation,and the strategy of the opponent.Finally,the relations among strategy selection of beth sides,assessment of safety probability and economic parameters are established.

Simulation Analysis on Continuous Leakage and Diffusion of LPG Based on Slab Model

2009, 19(11): 56.

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Based on the comparative analysis of the main calculation models for gas leakage and diffusion simulation,the slab model Was selected to make a simulated calculation of the continuous leakage of liquefled petroleum gas(LPG).For the two situations of medium leakage and large leakage,a comparison was made between the result calculated by slab model and that gotten by SAFETI risk assessment software,developed by Det Norske Veritas(DNV).The analysis shows that,in the calm wind conditions.the simulation result of the leakage and diffusion of LPG with slab model is more accurate;but with the deereasing of clouds density,the calculation deviation with slab model gradually increases,and the deviation will increase with the increasing of wind speed.So,the simulation result gained by slab model must be revised.

Analysis on Probability of Stock Ammunition Accidents Based on FID

2009, 19(11): 62.

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Aimed at the particularity of stock ammunition safety,points out the demerits of traditional probability calculate methods such as ETA and FTA on the basis of enumerating the domestic and overseas stock ammunition accident cases.Puts forwards a probability calculation method of stock ammunition accident based on FID,and describes the procedure and arithmetic of FID model.Finally,with the ammunition-stolen accident as an example,the accident probability distribution chart and accumulation probability curve are calculated and obtained.The result shows that the procedure and arithmetic of FID model can overcome the demerits of ETA and FTA methods.Analysis result also shows that the tiptop subjection degree of ammunition-stolen accident is 10~(-4),and accident probability tends to be 10~(-3) to 10~(-1),thus it is concluded that if the safety measure could not achieve the standard,the ammunition-stolen accident will stand a good chance to happen.

Study on Flame Propagation in Large-scale Interconnected Vessels

2009, 19(11): 69.

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In order to get more information concerning flame propagation and pressure in pipes of interconnected vessels and thereby to provide valuable information for safety protection and design,the flame propagation through pipes in large interconnected vessels produced by maize starch dust explosion Was investigated by experimental and numerical approaches.The experimental result shows that dust concentration has an important influence on the flame propagation behavior;under a very low dust concentration,the flame can still propagate in pipes with acceleration and produce a very violent explosion eventually.In simulation,the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach was used as a numerical model to simulate the phenomenon of two-phase flows,and a two-dimensional simulation on the above experiment was conducted by solving the conservation equations of unsteady turbulent two-phase reacting flows.The simulation results are in good accord with the experimental ones,which demonstrates that the numerical model can be well applied in the study of flame propagation caused by dust explosion.

Comparative Study on Fire Fighting Standard System between China and Foreign Countries

2009, 19(11): 75.

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From five aspects of fire extinguishing media,fire extinguishers,fire fighting and rescuing equipment,fire communications and fire figsting and rescuing management,fire fighting standards covering 200 items among Chinese Technical Committee for Fire Protection Standardization,International Organization for Standardization,fire protection standards research institutions and association in U.S.A,were compared to clarify the direction and emphasis of fire figSting standard system of China.The results show that foam and powder media standards keep ahead of international,however,gas fire-extinguishing agent standards are not involved in Borne of the new type halogenated hydrocarbons fire extinguishing agent;Revision of fire extinguisher standards are behind international standards;Larger number of fire fighting equipment standards,but is not comprehensive and systematic enough;Fire communication system standards are behind the development of communications technology;Fire figsting and rescue management standards are the weakest aspect of fire safety standardization in China.To solve these problems,constructire suggestions on development and improvement of fire figsting standard system of China were presented.

Influence of Magnesium Hydroxide and Red Phosphorus on Flammability Properties of MVM Q/Clay Nanocomposite

2009, 19(11): 83.

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By using melting blend method,flame retardant methyl vinyl silicone rubber(MVMQ)/clay nanocomposites were prepared with magnesium hydroxide(MH)and microencapsulated red phosphorus (RP)as synergistic flame retardant additives,aero silica(SiO_2)as synergistic reinforcement filler.The morphologies of the flame retardant MVMQ/montmorillonite nanocomposites were characterized by environment scanning electron microscopy(ESEM),the interlayer spacing were determined by small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS).In addition to mechanical measurements,the flame retardance and smoke suppression of silicone rubber/clay nannocomposites were studied by means of LOI,UL 94 vertical burning tests,TG,and ESEM analysis. Combined with the change of combustion performance.the flame retardance mechanism of MH/RWMVMQ/clay nanocomposite was deduced.

Application of Fuzzy Fault Tree Method in Risk Analysis of Vinyl Chloride Monomer Tank Explosion

2009, 19(11): 89.

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On the basis of the construction of the fault tree of vinyl chloride monomer tank explosion,and according to the statistics of running condition of field equipment and the fuzzy information provided by expert experience,a reliability analysis on vinyl chloride monomer tank was firstly made by using fuzzy fault tree theory,introducing L-R fuzzy number and applying a sharp-state-typed membership function.Then the fuzzy probability distribution of the explosion was gained,and the structural analysis of importance wag conducted by using structural important coefficient approximation method.Finally,the major factors affecting vinyl chloride monomer tank explosion were decided by rating the bottom events of the fault tree with the importance-weighted structural analysis.

Research on Safety in Design of Key Devices Used to Convert Biomass into Bio-oil

2009, 19(11): 95.

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The heat exchanger tube and gas collector can bring about unsafe factors to the heating device.To overcome them,a creative design methodology called TRIZ(Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)was introduced and applied to the safety design of heating device.According to TRIZ,the technical conflict in the device can be solved through the analysis of technical contradiction and the application of creative principles,and thus the unsafe factors can be avoided.Compared with traditional methods,the application of TRIZ theory to the safety design of equipment can lower the difficulty of the problem,increase the efficiency ofsolving the problem,and enhance the safety of the device.The theory is worth applying to practice.

Study on Damage Detection of Concrete Based on Ultrasonic Pulse Compression Method

2009, 19(11): 100.

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To improve the measuring accuracy and increase the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in ultrasonic detection of concrete damage,a frequency-modulated(FM)ultrasound transmission method was firstly developed.This method,due to transmitting an enveloped linear FM ultrasonic pulse,could enhance the emission energy without increasing the emission ultrasound pressure,and thus enhanced the effective disLance,measuring accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio.Then,the principles of pulse compression and decompression were discussed,and the electric circuit of pulse compression was devised.Experimental resuits show that pulse compression can improve measuring accuracy without reducing the effective distance.It can discover the flaws that can't be discovered by conventional detection methods.

Multi-source Information Fusion Approach for Buried Pipeline Health Condition Assessment

2009, 19(11): 105.

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It's hard to describe and evaluate the health condition of buried pipeline by means of analytical model because it is influenced by many hctom and manifest such as cracks,pits,tuberculation,etc.To take full advantage of the redundancy and complementarity of inter-level information,a multi-source and multi-level data fusion approach based on vague sets is proposed.The mathematical description of vague sets based multi-source information is defined and the corresponding model is developed.The data organization,the evaluation method and the implementation of the hierarchical algorithm are discussed.Finally,the proposed approach is applied to a lined cast pipeline health condition evaluation,and the result shows it is valid and reasonable.

Safety Risk Monitoring of Civil Aviation Maintenance

2009, 19(11): 110.

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The safety risk monitoring indicator system for civil aviation maintenance system was developed based on the influencing factors analysis on historical event data related to aircraft maintenance and the expert's opinions,which includes 20 risk factors selected from four aspects such as man(human factors),machine(equipment and facilities),medium(or environment)and organizational management.The evaluation method and standard of each indicator was provided by quantitative or qualitative approach.According to the characteristics of the safety risk monitoring indicator system,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for civil aviation maintenance system Was developed.The application of this model shows that the indicator system and the model can not only make a convenient sgety risk assessment and early warning for civil aviation maintenance system,but also can find out the major risk factors and provide basis for the making of risk management measures.

Study on the Model and Frame Structure of Supporting System for Work Safety

2009, 19(11): 117.

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Based on system theory,the integrity of work safety was analyzed,and it was proposed that only by constructing scientific supporting system and establishing long-term mechanism can work safety status be improved sustainably.Under the condition of socialistic market economy,institution,organization and technology was served as three foundation stones supporting work safety.Then the structure of work safety supporting system was advocated.Structurally work safety supporting system was composed of some systems including laws and regulations,safety standards,policies and measures,enterprise safety management,governmental administration,emergency management,science and technology innovation,safety intermediary service,propaganda and education,etc.These systems were relatively independent and related,and jointly comprised a unified frame structure of work safety supporting system.

Design of Mobile Office Information System for Safety Management Based on PDA

2009, 19(11): 121.

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In order to improve the efficiency of safety management and effectively solve the problem in locale decision-making as well as standardize law-enforcing procedures,a mobile office information system for safety management is designed with the VB.NET as the developing language,WINCE.NET as the operating environment and SQL as the background supporting database.This system combines the work features of safety management and the information demands for locale safety management,and brings the advantages of portable features and secondary development features of PDA into full play.In this system,nine function modules such as safety management,supervision of law enforcement,ete.,are designed,which can complete data communication with two editions of back-end supporting platform,such as Enterprise Edition and Management Edition.The application of this system shows that the mobile office information system for safety management is an important technical means to realize the informatization of safety management and enhance the level of safety management.

Development and Application of Regional Ecological Security Evaluation System

2009, 19(11): 126.

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Based on ArcGIS,the object-oriented programming language and components development technology were used to make a secondary development of the region ecological security evaluation system.The system model,system function and function modules were designed.By establishing ecological security evaluation index system,synthetically analyzing the regional ecological situation and simulating the ecological process,the intellectualized assessment for regional ecological security Was achieved with the developed system,which provides scientific basis and decision support for decision-makers to carry on regional environment management and comprehensive control.Finally,this system Was applied to the ecological security assessment of experimental area of Donning lake,and the pressure index,condition index and response index WaS obtained.The results indicate that the system have a good evaluation function.

Establishment of Emergency Management Assessment System for Subway Construction

2009, 19(11): 132.

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Balance Principle that gives consideration to different kinds of visual ansle wag proposed as the basic principle of establishing the emergency management assessment system of subway constructionBased on two dimensions of emergency management phase and emergency management functions,the frame of evaluation Was constructed.According to legal rules and regulations,the investigation of current situation of power and responsibility,literature research,the indexes of evaluation were refined and clauses of evaluation were compiled.The study selected the subjectivity assessment combining with objectivity assessment as the evaluation method,and established different emergency management assessment system for different entities and departments of government,constructor and builder.Finally the scientific and systemic demonstration,practicability and applicability demonstration of the evaluation system were carried out.

The Deficiencies in Urban Disaster Risk Control in China and Its Countermeasures

2009, 19(11): 139.

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Firstly,the categories of urban disasters are described.Then,the deficiencies in risk control of urban disasters in China are analyzed from urban disaster prevention and control as well as emergency response and rescue.Finally,the countermeasures for risk control of urban disasters ale presented from 8 aspects,including establishing a unionized legal system of urban safety planning,risk prevention and control,and crisis management;implementing urban plan of disaster prevention and reduction and incorporating into urban planning;perfecting the decision-supporting system and information management systern for urban disaster risk;carrying on risk assessment mechanism in safety planning;speeding the construction of integrated management organization for disaster prevention;establishing a scientific and perfect emergency rescue system;intensifying safety education and propagand of disaster prevention and reduction;and strengthening the research and exchange in urban safety science.The study achievements can provide a great reference for the risk prevention and control of urban disasters as well as emergency rescue.

Safety Assessment Model for Expressway Traffic Based on Attribute Recognition

2009, 19(11): 146.

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In order to rationally evaluate the traffic safety of expressway,an attribute mathematical recognition model was set up.In this model,the evaluation index system was built on the basis of analyzing the influencing factors of expressway traffic safety,the weight of each index was decided with five-scale method,and the evaluation result wag identified according to the attribute measure value of single index and the synthetical attribute measure value of multiple indices as well as the confidence criterion.The actual application of this model shows that the assessment result can provide scientific foundation for the planning and renewing of expressway.

Efficiency Assessment of Emergency Shelter Based on Bounded Variables DEA Model

2009, 19(11): 152.

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By using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)method,the efficiency assessment index systems for emergency shelters under planning and operating are established with the construction cost and operation cost as the input indexes and service capabilities,accessibility and safety grade as the output indexes.Meanwhile,choose the bounded DEA model to make a hierarchical evaluation of the input-output efficiency of emergency shelters.The case study shows that the DEA efficiency of temporary shelter and long-term shelter tends to be higher than that of short-term shelter;the efficiency of emergency shelters located inside area or with convenient transportation is higher;and enhancing the integrated utility of shelters is helpful to increase the DEA efficiency.

Safety Monitoring System of CNG Filling Station

2009, 19(11): 159.

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Based on the achievements made by national scientific and technological project and the relevant laws and regulatory requirements,as well as the actual safe production needs of the CNG filling stafions,the design scheme for the safety monitoring system of CNG filling station is proposed.Firstly,the common dangerous and hazardous factors of CNG filling station are identified,and the accidents happening in CNG filling station in recent years are statistically analyzed.Secondly,the fire and explosion hazards are analyzed with fault tree analysis method.Thirdly,the accident prevention measures are put forward.Finally,the structure and functions for safety monitoring system of CNG filling station ale presented.On the basis of the identification,analysis and evaluation of CNG filling station's hazardous factors,the safetyrelated information needing monitoring in the system is determined.Through the intelligent analysis on the safety information in the operation of CNG filling station,this system Call not only achieve the functions of early-warning and interlock control,but can also control and eliminate the risk of accidents and prevent major accidents.In addition,the system can be directly incorporated into the emergency rescue platform to provide detailed and accurate field information for the scientific decision-making of emergency rescue services.

Applicability Study of Traffic Rescue Resource Dispatch Method on Expressway

2009, 19(11): 165.

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In order to reduce the casualties and property losses caused by the traffic accidents on expressway and improve the rescue efficiency of command and dispatch center,the applicability of traffic rescue resource dispatch method is studied.Based on the mathematical characteristics.the allocation in the rescue depots and the rescuing implementation of the traffic accidents,the applicable conditions of the Hungarian method,the direct cost-based and opportunity cost-based method are proposed.Combined with the existing dispatch mode in the command and dispatch center,the dispatch rules of traffic rescue resource are made.By taking the expressway network on areas around Nanjing city as an instance.the proper traffic rescue resource dispatch methods are selected according to the applicable conditions and the dispatch decisions are made according to the dispatch rules.The results show that this study can provide a theoretical basis and proper method for the command and dispatch center to make a high efficient dispatching of the traffic rescue resource.

Study on Modeling and Simulating of Passenger Evacuation in Cross-platform Transfer Station

2009, 19(11): 172.

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To study the behaviors and laws of passenger flows and the evacuation situation of passengers in cross-platform transfer station,a micro-simulation model for evacuation was built.By applying the VIS-S1M software to simulating the passenger flows of the cross-platform transfer station that is to be finished soon,a direct dynamic view of the process of evacuation and distribution of passengers was taken.In this model,the transfer efficiency in different conditions can be calculated through changing the parameters of the model.In this way,the measures and suggestions that can greatly improve the transfer efficiency can be obtained,which finally provides support for the design of facilities and the operation management in transfer stations.

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