关键词: 交通安全, 城市隧道, 驾驶人, 注视转移, 马尔科夫链

Abstract: To study the fixation transfer characteristics of drivers,different in driving experience,driving through an urban tunnel,real vehicle tests were carried out in an urban tunnel.Firstly,eye movement data of 10 testees different in driving experience were collected by using the Dikablis eye tracking system.Second,K-means clustering method was used to divide areas of visual interest,and drivers' fixation distribution characteristics in different areas were comparatively analyzed.Finally,drivers' fixation transfer rules and stationary distribution characteristics were studied using Markov theory.The results indicate that probability of repeated fixations is greater and efficiency of visual research is lower on the internal sections of a tunnel compared with external sections,that drivers obtain information mainly from the straight upper front and straight lower front areas,and the probabilities of fixation points in these two areas at the threshold and exit sections are significantly higher than those on other sections,and that compared to experienced drivers,novice drivers allocate less attention to the straight upper front area and rearview mirrors.

Key words: traffic safety, urban tunnel, driver, fixation transfer, Markov chain