驾驶人危险感知能力影响因素及干预方式综述

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.02.006

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 34-41.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.02.006

• 安全社会科学与安全管理 • 上一篇下一篇

驾驶人危险感知能力影响因素及干预方式综述

乔洁¹, 徐鑫²^,^**(), 刘传攀¹, 赵俊玮³, 刘永涛¹()

¹ 长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安 710064
² 西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院, 陕西西安 710072
³ 北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京 100191

收稿日期:2021-11-08 修回日期:2022-01-17 出版日期:2022-08-18 发布日期:2022-08-28
通讯作者: 徐鑫
作者简介:
刘永涛副教授;乔洁 (1988—),女,陕西大荔人,博士,工程师,主要从事人车路系统安全方面的工作。E-mail: qiaojie@chd.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51278062); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(300102220111); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(300102120111); 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLGY16-08)

Review on affecting factors and intervention methods of drivers' hazard perception ability

QIAO Jie¹, XU Xin²^,^**(), LIU Chuanpan¹, ZHAO Junwei³, LIU Yongtao¹()

¹ School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710064, China
² Unmanned System Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710072, China
³ School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2021-11-08 Revised:2022-01-17 Online:2022-08-18 Published:2022-08-28
Contact: XU Xin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究外部干预对驾驶人危险感知能力的作用效果,梳理不同理论描述驾驶人危险感知过程,并总结驾驶人危险感知行为机制;然后,从危险感知行为要素出发,分析驾驶风格、驾驶经验、交通环境、驾驶状态对危险感知能力的影响;其次,介绍5种危险感知能力干预方式的研究成果,归纳各方式特点;最后,从干预效果持续性、评价指标、迁移效应等方面总结现有研究的局限性及发展方向,并给出相关建议。结果表明:有必要搭建我国典型的交通危险场景数据库,并设计标准的危险感知能力测试体系,制定相关的政策法规,以提高驾驶人危险感知能力测试的影响力,提升我国驾驶人整体危险感知能力水平。

关键词: 驾驶人, 危险感知能力, 影响因素, 干预方式, 驾驶安全

Abstract:

In order to investigate effects of external intervention on drivers' hazard perception ability. Firstly, description of hazard perception process by different theories were sorted out and perception behavior mechanism was analyzed. Secondly, influence of affecting factors on hazard perception was analyzed, including driving style, driving experience, traffic environment and driving state. Then, research results of five different intervention methods with their features were introduced. Finally, limitations of existing researches were analyzed from the aspects of duration of intervention effect, evaluation index and transfer effect, and future development direction was discussed. The results show that it is significant to build a database of typical traffic hazard scenes in China and design a standard perception test system as well as formulate relevant regulations so as to improve Chinese drivers' general hazard perception ability.

Key words: driver, hazard perception ability, affecting factor, intervention method, driving safety

乔洁, 徐鑫, 刘传攀, 赵俊玮, 刘永涛. 驾驶人危险感知能力影响因素及干预方式综述[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(2): 34-41.

QIAO Jie, XU Xin, LIU Chuanpan, ZHAO Junwei, LIU Yongtao. Review on affecting factors and intervention methods of drivers' hazard perception ability[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(2): 34-41.

图/表 3

参考文献 38

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要素	定义
感知能力	驾驶人对外部信息的获取与处理能力,以对信息获取与处理的速率指标
反应敏感度	驾驶人对外部环境的危险程度的容忍临界范围,以危险度反应阈值为指标
危险认知	驾驶人对危险事件的主观认知,以驾驶人对事件威胁程度判断为指标
认知资源分配	驾驶人将认知资源分配于不同任务,以分配合理性为指标
车辆操纵能力	驾驶人对驾驶技巧的熟练程度,以危险状况下执行正确操作的能力为指标

驾驶人危险感知能力影响因素及干预方式综述

Review on affecting factors and intervention methods of drivers' hazard perception ability

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