中国安全科学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (S2): 30-35.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.S2.006

• 安全社会科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

日本高速铁路安全立法经验及启示*

曹琪伟, 亐道远 副教授   

  1. 石家庄铁道大学 文法学院,河北 石家庄 050043
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-20 修回日期:2018-10-10 出版日期:2018-12-30 发布日期:2020-11-11
  • 作者简介:曹琪伟 (1997—),男,山西霍州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为交通运输法。E-mail:505380327@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金资助(15BFX195); 国家铁路局科技与法制司招标课题(ZRGY-CCGP-16120108)。

Legislative experience and enlightenment of Japan's high-speed railway safety

CAO Qiwei, QU Daoyuan   

  1. School of Humanity and Law, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China
  • Received:2018-07-20 Revised:2018-10-10 Online:2018-12-30 Published:2020-11-11

摘要: 日本作为世界上最早建设运营高速铁路的国家,其在高速铁路安全方面的法律制度较为完善,对我国高速铁路安全立法有重要的借鉴经验和启示。通过介绍日本高速铁路安全立法概况,分析日本高速铁路安全立法的主要内容及特色,提出日本高速铁路安全立法对我国的启示。分析表明:日本以全方位的法律体系为新干线的安全保驾护航,用法律规制人员风险、设备风险和环境风险,具有分类立法、体系完整,配套齐全、合理解释,改革先导、法律紧跟的特点;我国高速铁路安全立法应在持续改善立法、强化事故原因分析、重视改革先导等方面加以改进完善。

关键词: 高速铁路, 日本, 立法, 风险, 制度

Abstract: As the earliest country in the world building and operating high-speed railways, Japan had a relatively complete legal system for high-speed railway safety, which had important reference and enlightenment for China high-speed railway safety legislation. By introducing the general situation of Japan's high-speed railway safety legislation, the main contents and characteristics of Japan's high-speed railway safety legislation were analyzed, and the enlightenment of Japan's high-speed railway safety legislation to China were put forward. It shows that Japan has established a comprehensive legal system for the safety of Shinkansen. The legislation regulates personnel risk, equipment risk and environmental risk, which has the characteristics of classified legislation, complete system, reasonable explanation, etc. Chinese high-speed railway safety legislation should be improved and perfected in the aspects of continuous improvement of legislation, strengthening the analysis of accident causes, and attaching importance to reform.

Key words: high-speed railways, Japan, legislation, risk, institution

中图分类号: