中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 79-85.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.02.013

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

封堵比例对隧道火灾顶棚温度分布的影响

马砺1 教授, 李超华1, 张鹏宇1, 邱贤宗2, 赵鑫3   

  1. 1.西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054;
    2.中铁建设集团有限公司 贵州市政工程有限公司,贵州 贵阳 550031;
    3.陕西省西安市消防救援支队,陕西 西安 710065
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-03 修回日期:2020-01-12 出版日期:2020-02-28 发布日期:2021-01-25
  • 作者简介:马砺(1978—),男,四川隆昌人,博士,教授,主要从事消防科学与技术方面的研究。E-mail:mal@xust.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0808104);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2017ZDCXL-GY-01-02-03)。

Influence of sealing ratio on ceiling temperature distribution of tunnel fire

MA Li1, LI Chaohua1, ZHANG Pengyu1, QIU Xianzong2, ZHAO Xin3   

  1. 1. School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China;
    2. Guizhou Municipal Engineering Co., Ltd., China Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd., Guiyang Guizhou 550031, China;
    3. Xi'an Fire Rescue Division of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Shaanxi 710065, China
  • Received:2019-11-03 Revised:2020-01-12 Online:2020-02-28 Published:2021-01-25

摘要: 为掌握隧道火灾在封堵过程中火场的温度特性,搭建1∶10缩尺试验台,探究火源功率为12.67, 18.24和24.83 kW下,采取封堵比例0%, 25%, 50%, 75%和100%时,隧道顶棚温度的变化特征及衰减机制。试验结果表明:25%及50%封堵比例对隧道内升温影响较小,75%及100%封堵会出现温度突增现象,随着封堵比例的增加,隧道顶棚中心温度提前进入衰减阶段;火源功率只改变顶棚温度最大值,不影响温度纵向分布,火源中心区域升温速率高;封堵过程中下风侧顶棚温度纵向分布服从指数衰减变化,封堵比例与拟合系数b和温度衰减系数k之间呈线性拟合关系。

关键词: 隧道火灾, 封堵, 顶棚温度, 温度纵向分布, 温度衰减

Abstract: In order to understand temperature characteristics of fire field during sealing of tunnel fire, a 1:10 scale tunnel model was set up to explore temperature changes of tunnel ceiling and its attenuation mechanism with fire source power of 12.67, 18.24, and 24.83 kW and sealing ratios of 0%, 25%, 50%, at 75% and 100%. The experimental results show that 25% and 50% sealing ratios have little effect on temperature rise in tunnel while 75% and 100% sealing will cause a sudden increase in temperature. As sealing ratio increases, temperature decay will come in advance. Power of fire source only changes the maximum value of ceiling temperature with no impact on longitudinal distribution of temperature, and heating rate in center of fire source is high. Temperature longitudinal distribution on downwind side attenuates exponentially during sealing, and it shows a linear fitting relation between sealing ratio and fitting coefficient b and temperature attenuation coefficient k.

Key words: tunnel fire, sealing, ceiling temperature, longitudinal distribution of temperature, temperature attenuation

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