造粒处理对硝酸钾危险性分类及关键指标临界值研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.S1.0177

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确造粒处理对硝酸钾氧化性试验分类判定结果的影响,分析造粒硝酸钾豁免氧化剂运输分类的临界条件,选取行业代表性企业生产的造粒硝酸钾产品,设置不同粒径范围,开展振动、冲击试验,模拟运输过程中出现的极端情况,评价振动、冲击前后样品的抗压碎力、氧化性指标。结果表明:粒径是影响造粒硝酸钾氧化性强弱的重要因素,高塔造粒硝酸钾粒径达到2.8 mm 以上、高塔造粒且经过惰性材料包衣的硝酸钾粒径达到2.5 mm以上、挤压造粒硝酸钾粒径达到3.0 mm以上时,能够满足国家标准《危险货物分类和品名编号》(GB 6944—2012)中非5. 1 项的分类标准,有豁免氧化剂运输分类的可能。

关键词: 造粒, 硝酸钾, 分类, 氧化性, 临界值

Abstract:

In order to clarify the influence of granulation on the classification results of the oxidation test of potassium nitrate and analyze the critical conditions for the exemption of granulated potassium nitrate from oxidant transport classification, this study selected granulated potassium nitrate products from representative enterprises in the industry. The study also carried out vibration and impact tests on samples with different particle sizes to simulate extreme conditions in the transport process. The crushing resistance and oxidation index of the samples before and after vibration and impact were evaluated. The results show that particle size is an important factor affecting the oxidation strength of granulated potassium nitrate. The particle size of granulated potassium nitrate with a high tower is above 2.8 mm; the particle size of granulated potassium nitrate with a high tower and inert material coating is above 2.5 mm, and that of compressed granulated potassium nitrate is above 3.0 mm. Therefore, the particle size can meet the classification standard of non-5.1 items in the national standard Classification and code of Dangerous Goods (GB 6944-2012), and there is the possibility for the exemption of oxidant transport classification.

Key words: granulation, potassium nitrate, classification, oxidation, critical value

马彦平, 孙怀波, 范宾. 造粒处理对硝酸钾危险性分类及关键指标临界值研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(S1): 128-133.

MA Yanping, SUN Huaibo, FAN Bin. Study on risk classification and critical value of key indexes of potassium nitrate by granulation[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(S1): 128-133.

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参考文献 10

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项目	组分	质量比
包装类别Ⅰ参考混合物(O.1)	溴酸钾与纤维素	3∶2
包装类别Ⅱ参考混合物(O.1)	溴酸钾与纤维素	2∶3
包装类别Ⅲ参考混合物(O.1)	溴酸钾与纤维素	3∶7
包装类别Ⅰ参考混合物(O.3)	过氧化钙与纤维素	3∶1
包装类别Ⅱ参考混合物(O.3)	过氧化钙与纤维素	1∶1
包装类别Ⅲ参考混合物(O.3)	过氧化钙与纤维素	1∶2
待测混合物1	样品与纤维素	1∶1
待测混合物2	样品与纤维素	4∶1

粒径/mm	A	B	C	D	E
1.0~2.0	72	88	/	90	/
2.0~3.0	88	83	85	123	84
2.5~2.8	104	104	94	124	88
2.8~3.0	114	129	117	142	117
3.0~3.35	116	109	166	147	133
3.35~3.5	146	141	171	180	144
3.5~4.0	141	171	164	210	199

粒径/mm	A	B	C	D	E
1.0~2.0	0.35	0.31	/	0.28	/
2.0~3.0	0.34	0.34	0.29	0.23	0.39
2.5~2.8	0.25	0.28	0.30	0.19	0.28
2.8~3.0	0.20	0.18	0.19	0.14	0.22
3.0~3.35	0.21	0.24	0.17	0.11	0.20
3.35~3.5	0.17	0.13	0.16	0.13	0.15
3.5~4.0	0.19	0.19	0.15	0.12	0.11

粒径/mm	A		B		C		D		E
粒径/mm	O.1	O.3	O.1	O.3	O.1	O.3	O.1	O.3	O.1	O.3
1.0~2.0	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	/	/	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	/	/
2.0~3.0	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	非5.1项	非5.1项	PGⅢ	PGⅢ
2.5~2.8	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	PGⅢ	非5.1项	非5.1项	PGⅢ	PGⅢ
2.8~3.0	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项
3.0~3.35	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项
3.35~3.5	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项
3.5~4.0	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项	非5.1项

粒径/mm	A		B		C
粒径/mm	原样	振动、冲击后	原样	振动、冲击后	原样	振动、冲击后
1.0~2.0	3.2±0.6	3.5±0.8	24.7±8.1	29.0±4.6	/	/
2.0~3.0	4.7±1.4	4.6±1.1	44.1±11.6	42.1±8.8	14.5±2.9	9.4±2.5
2.5~2.8	4.3±0.8	4.9±1.3	17.8±4.0	33.1±4.1	8.8±2.8	11.0±5.2
2.8~3.0	5.4±1.5	5.7±1.5	28.2±5.4	45.7±8.2	12.5±4.3	14.4±6.3
3.0~3.35	6.7±1.6	6.9±1.9	54.3±15.2	59.6±9.3	14.9±6.3	13.2±6.4
3.35~3.5	6.4±1.6	7.7±2.1	32.8±5.0	50.8±14.0	15.5±6.5	14.4±4.5
3.5~4.0	6.3±2.3	9.1±2.3	52.8±6.3	56.7±4.5	25.26±9.7	27.1±3.8