我国电网智能安全技术的关键专利分析

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.09.0232

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新安全格局下,为促进电网安全管理由传统模式向安全生产全过程数字化、信息化、智能化模式的转变,基于2008—2023年我国电网智能安全专利数据,采用网络中心度分析和主路径分析等方法,描绘专利地图;提取关键专利技术子群,并系统分析电网智能安全的技术发展情况、技术发展重点;基于专利地图和专家意见,运用熵权-优劣解距离法(TOPSIS),就我国既有智能安全技术社群对电网安全智能化的支撑度进行评价。结果表明:我国电网智能安全技术已形成11类关键技术社群,其中,电网智能安全过程技术是最丰富的知识群组。11类电网智能安全技术社群中,对电网智能安全支撑度较高的技术是智能控制技术、智能调度技术和网络通信安全技术。智能安全技术对电网传统安全目标中的安全管控能力和安全稳定能力有较好的支撑度,并对电网的现代安全目标中的安全治理能力和主动安全能力有较好的支撑度,但对安全韧性能力的支撑度不高。

关键词: 电网安全智能化, 智能安全技术, 关键专利, 专利地图, 熵权-优劣解距离法(TOPSIS), 技术社群

Abstract:

In the new security pattern, the power grid safety management was promoted to transform from the traditional mode to the digital, information, and intelligent mode during the life-cycle of safety production. Based on patent data of China's power grid intelligent security from 2008 to 2023, the patent map was performed using network centrality analysis and main path analysis. Then, key patent technology subgroups were obtained to systematically analyze technological development and key points of power grid intelligent safety. Based on patent maps and expert opinions, the entropy weight-TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the support of China's existing intelligent safety technology community for power grid security and intelligence. The results showed there were 11 key technology communities for the power grid intelligent safety technology, and power grid intelligent safety process technology was the most excellent knowledge group. Among the 11 types of power grid intelligent safety technology communities, technologies including intelligent control, intelligent dispatching, and network communication safety were with higher support for power grid intelligent safety. Intelligent security technology can well support the safety control and stability capabilities in the traditional safety goals of the power grid. Furthermore, it supports the safety governance and active security capabilities in the modern safety goal of the power grid. However, the support for security resilience capabilities was insufficient.

Key words: power grid safety intelligence, intelligent safety technology, key patent, patent mapping, entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, technology community

中图分类号:

X913.4安全系统工程

谢科范, 左凌宇, 彭华涛. 我国电网智能安全技术的关键专利分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(9): 59-68.

XIE Kefan, ZUO Lingyu, PENG Huatao. Key patent analysis of China's power grid intelligent safety technology[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(9): 59-68.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

表2

表3

表4

表5

熵权法计算出的电网安全目标重要度权重结果

安全维度	$e j$	$d j$	w/%
主动安全能力	0.990 7	0.009 3	9.68
被动安全能力	0.983 9	0.016 1	16.71
安全治理能力	0.985 4	0.014 6	15.18
安全管控能力	0.992 7	0.007 3	7.54
安全韧性能力	0.969 8	0.030 2	31.28
安全稳定能力	0.981 1	0.018 9	19.61

表5

表6

智能安全技术对电网安全智能化支撑度的评价结果

技术子群	$D i +$	$D i -$	$C i$	排序
智能监控装备	1.793	0.306	0.146	10
智能控制装备	1.808	0.307	0.145	11
防误操作技术	1.569	0.498	0.241	9
智能监控与检测技术	0.645	1.457	0.693	4
智能调度技术	0.558	1.533	0.733	2
智能控制技术	0.284	1.844	0.867	1
网络通信安全技术	0.612	1.51	0.712	3
风险识别和预警系统	1.334	0.83	0.384	6
电网信息隐私技术	0.965	1.23	0.56	5
在线安全分析系统	1.406	0.698	0.332	7
智能决策系统	1.45	0.674	0.317	8

表6

图6

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排序	代表性节点	网络类型	待分析状态	专利主题
1	CN109640299A	复杂网络	主路径分析	区块链、数据密钥、网络安全
2	CN105098979A	简单网络	提取	智能电力调度
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4	CN101807818A	复杂网络	关键节点分析	网络安全
5	CN110035090A	复杂网络	主路径分析	智能控制
6	CN104156806A	复杂网络	关键节点分析	智能决策
7	CN101944766A	复杂网络	主路径分析	智能监控、安全在线分析
8	CN211406138U	简单网络	提取	智能监控
9	CN105305637A	简单网络	提取	风险预警
10	CN104283308A	复杂网络	关键节点分析	智能控制
11	CN101799681A	简单网络	提取	智能控制
12	CN113572157A	复杂网络	提取	智能电力调度
13	CN111710122A	简单网络	关键节点分析	智能控制
14	CN106205304A	复杂网络	关键节点分析	智能检测
15	CN106684888A	简单网络	提取	智能控制
16	CN109188148A	简单网络	关键节点分析	智能监控

节点	补充性节点	专利主题
CN109640299A	CN112019338A… CN104636672A	网络通信、电网信息隐私
CN101594002A	CN102868161A… CN105741193A	智能电力调度、智能控制
CN110035090A	CN113242209A… CN115017499A	智能监控、智能检测
CN101944766A	CN114170878A… CN102184209A	智能检测、在线安全

节点	补充性节点	专利主题
CN101807818A	CN102438240A CN106789015A	网络通信安全
CN104156806A	CN116310979A… CN113537783A	智能监控、作业安全识别
CN101207284A	CN103138390A… CN110071579A	智能控制
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CN106205304A	CN103840438A	智能控制
CN109188148A	CN107801000A… CN111695506A	智能监控、风险识别

领域	技术类别	技术社群	数量	重点主题词
电网智能安全技术	智能安全装备技术	智能监控装备	3	远程监控、视频监控
	智能安全装备技术	智能控制装备	4	防误操、低压控制、智能锁
	智能安全过程技术	防误操作技术	2	防误校验、防误操作管理
		智能监控与检测技术	20	安全监控仿真系统、作业违章识别、物联网电力监控、设备智能检测
		智能调度技术	12	电网重构、供需平衡、防停电、供电恢复
		智能控制技术	18	自愈控制、实时控制、智能管控
		网络通信安全技术	9	物联网、区块链、通信加密、云端
	智能安全软件技术	风险识别和预警系统	5	安全预防、风险评估、运行故障告警
		电网信息隐私技术	13	身份认证、信息安全、密钥协议
		在线安全分析系统	4	全数字实时仿真、安全分析平台
		智能决策系统	4	决策支持、风险评估、数字管理