基于喷射注浆自填充工艺的巷道围岩变形安全防控技术研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S1.0018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为有效控制煤矿巷道围岩失稳变形,保障安全生产,开展喷射注浆自填充技术的应用研究。首先,通过理论分析、实验室测试与现场试验,剖析该技术的强度适应性破坏特征,确定注浆液的基本组成配比;然后,基于微观结构观测与力学性能测试,揭示其控制围岩变形的作用机理,发现自填充喷射注浆试样的抗压强度主要受水胶比及微观特征影响,水胶比通过调控水化产物的致密性与钙矾石晶体形态影响强度;最后,结合巷道围岩实际位移特征,提出喷注浆联合支护优化方案,构建“喷浆-注浆-支护”协同控制技术体系,并开展现场工业性试验。结果表明:最优注浆液配比为固体质量分数65%、水胶比0.6;该配比下试样养护28 d抗压强度满足设计要求,微观结构显示水泥基体与飞灰颗粒相容性良好;现场应用使巷道两帮变形量最小减少11%,围岩应力分布趋于稳定,验证了该技术在围岩变形控制中的有效性。

关键词: 喷射注浆, 自填充, 围岩稳定, 围岩变形, 注浆材料, 微观结构

Abstract:

To effectively control the instability and deformation of surrounding rock in coal mine roadways and ensure safe production, research on the application of jet grouting self-filling technology was conducted. First, through theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, and field trials, the strength adaptability and failure characteristics of this technology were analyzed, and the basic composition ratio of the grouting material was determined. Then, based on microscopic structure observation and mechanical performance testing, the mechanism by which it controls surrounding rock deformation was revealed. It was found that the compressive strength of the jet grouting self-filling samples was mainly influenced by the water-to-binder ratio and microscopic features. The water-to-binder ratio affected the strength by regulating the compactness of hydration products and the crystal morphology of ettringite. Finally, according to the actual displacement characteristics of the surrounding rock in roadways, an optimized plan for combined jet grouting and support was proposed, and a ″jet grouting-grouting injection-support″ collaborative control technology system was established, followed by on-site industrial trials. The research shows that the optimal grouting material ratio is 65% solid mass fraction and a water-to-binder ratio of 0.6. Under this ratio, the 28-day compressive strength of the samples meets the design requirements, and the microscopic structure shows good compatibility between the cement matrix and fly ash particles. On-site application results in an 11% reduction in the deformation of both roadway slopes, and the stress distribution of the surrounding rock tends to stabilize, validating the effectiveness of this technology in controlling surrounding rock deformation.

Key words: jet grouting, self-filling, stability of surrounding rock, rock deformation, grouting material, microstructure

中图分类号:

X936

陈凯, 于明生, 刘龙, 王帅, 张子龙, 武鹏飞, 张浩然. 基于喷射注浆自填充工艺的巷道围岩变形安全防控技术研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(S1): 114-121.

CHEN Kai, YU Mingsheng, LIU Long, WANG Shuai, ZHANG Zilong, WU Pengfei, ZHANG Haoran. Research on safety prevention and control technology of surrounding rock deformation in roadways based on jet grouting self-filling process[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(S1): 114-121.

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物质 w_t/%	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SO₃	MgO	其他氧化物	灼烧损失	表观密度/ (g·cm^-3)	比表面积/ (m²·kg^-1)
水泥	62.80	20.60	4.13	2.99	2.56	1.93	3.93	1.06	3.10	338
尾砂	7.31	47.56	7.12	24.65	—	5.42	7.13	0.81	2.67	55
飞灰	4.19	58.76	11.66	4.50	1.28	3.24	9.48	6.89	2.46	498

样品编号	固体质量分数/%	水胶比	水/g	水泥/ g	尾砂/ g	飞灰/ g
S65W6	65	0.6	1 200	1 200	229	800
S65W7	65	0.7	1 200	1 028	515	686
S65W8	65	0.8	1 200	900	729	600
S65W9	65	0.9	1 200	800	896	533
S75W6	75	0.6	1 200	1 200	1 600	800
S75W7	75	0.7	1 200	1 028	1 886	686
S75W8	75	0.8	1 200	900	2 100	600
S75W9	75	0.9	1 200	800	2 267	533